Recent studies have shown that the currently circulating rubella viruses are mostly members of two genotypes, 1E and 2B. Also, genetically distinct viruses of genotype 1G have been found in East and West Africa. This study used a Mantel test to objectively include both genetic diversity and geographic location in the definition of lineages, and identified statistically justified lineages (n=13)...

This paper proposed a novel broadband Planar Inverted-F Antenna(PIFA) for IMT-2000/WLAN/DMB terminal. Two branch lines for meander line were utilized in order to improve the characteristics of PIFA which usually has a narrow band. The shorting strip between the ground plane and meander-type radiation elements were used in order to minimize the size of the antenna. The −10dB return loss bandwidt...

OBJECTIVE To study the gene expression of metallothionein 1 (MT-1) isoforms in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (HPBLs). METHODS The expression of mRNA representing the seven active MT-1 genes was determined in HPBLs by quantitative RT-PCR before and after exposure to cadmium. RESULTS Basal expressions of MT-1X, and MT-1A in HPBLs were similar to expression of housekeeping gene. In contra...

We consider exponential sums with x-coordinates of points qG and q−1G where G is a point of order T on an elliptic curve modulo a prime p and q runs through all primes up to N (with gcd(q, T )= 1 in the case of the points q−1G). We obtain a new bound on exponential sums with q−1G and correct an imprecision in the work of W. D. Banks, J. B. Friedlander, M. Z. Garaev and I. E. Shparlinski on expo...

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is thought to be rare in the black populations of Africa who have minimal white admixture. Only a few cases have been reported but have not been studied at the molecular level. We report the detection of CFTR mutations in three southern African black patients. One was homozygous for the 3120 + 1G-->A mutation, while the other two were compound heterozygotes each with this m...

qAC 0 2] is the class of languages computable by circuits of constant depth and quasi-polynomial (2 log O(1) n) size with unbounded fan-in AND, OR, and PARITY gates. Symmetric functions are those functions that are invariant under permutations of the input variables. Thus a symmetric function f n : f0; 1g n ! f0; 1g can also be seen as a function f n : f0; 1; ; ng ! f0; 1g. We give the followin...

To investigate the effects of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) gene polymorphisms on the onset of osteomyelitis in Chinese Han population.In all, 80 osteomyelitis patients (case group) and 81 healthy people (control group) were recruited into this case-control study. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method was utilized to examine the genotypes of MMP-1 polymo...

Citrin deficiency resulting from mutations of the SLC25A13 gene is associated with two major clinical phenotypes; neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD) and adult-onset type 2 citrullinemia (CTLN2). In Korea, 6 cases of citrin deficiency were diagnosed based on biochemical and molecular findings. Four NICCD patients (2 boys and 2 girls) presented high citrulline l...

The coding region of the glycoprotein complex gII of pseudorabies virus (PRV) is located in the unique long part of the genome on SalI subfragments 1A and 1G of BamHI fragment 1 (map units 0.105 to 0.130). Fragment 1G which includes the 3' end of the gII gene displays a size heterogeneity among different PRV strains and also within plaque isolates of a given strain. To reveal the cause of this ...

The Boolean autonomous dynamical systems, also called regular autonomous asynchronous systems are systems whose ‘vector …eld’is a function : f0; 1gn ! f0; 1gn and time is discrete or continuous. While the synchronous systems have their coordinate functions 1; :::; n computed at the same time: ; ; ; ::: the asynchronous systems have 1; :::; n computed independently on each other. The purpose of ...