BACKGROUND The choice of empiric antibiotics for the treatment of gram-negative bacilli (GNB) bloodstream infections (BSIs) in patients presenting with a β-lactam (BL) allergy is often a difficult decision given that these agents are first-line treatment in many guidelines. OBJECTIVE We sought to compare rates of clinical failure between patients with a history of BL allergy who received eith...

The most useful diagnostic methods in the initial evaluation of horses with colic assess the morphological and functional status of the gastrointestinal tract and cardiovascular status. This evaluation is best achieved using a combination of clinical and laboratory data. Blood lactate concentration (BL) is one of these variables. BL rises mainly due to poor tissue perfusion and anaerobic glycol...

Blue light (BL) induces stomatal opening through the activation of H+-ATPases with subsequent ion accumulation in guard cells. In most plant species, red light (RL) enhances BL-dependent stomatal opening. This RL effect is attributable to the chloroplasts of guard cell, the only cells in the epidermis possessing this organelle. To clarify the role of chloroplasts in stomatal regulation, we inve...

background: the association of epstein-barr virus (ebv) with burkitt’s lymphoma (bl) is variable in different geographic regions. in developing countries, the association of ebv with bl is regarded to be of an endemic-type in equatorial africa ( > 95%) and sporadic-type in the developed countries (15-30%). the purpose of this study is to assess the frequency of ebv infection in bl, in iran. the...

background: bleomycin (bl) is a glycopeptide antibiotic obtained from the bacterium streptomyces verticillus which is routinely used for treatment of human cancers. royal jelly (rj) is a production from the hypo pharyngeal, mandibular and post cerebral glands of nurse bees. rj consists of 66% water, 15% sugars, 5% lipids, and 13% proteins, essential amino acids and vitamins. objective: the aim ...

Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a highly aggressive germinal center (GC) derived B cell lymphoma. Its successful treatment requires intense therapeutic protocols that include high doses of alkylating agents and central nervous system (CNS) prophylaxis [1]. Outcome is still poor in patients over the age of 40 years. Thus, less toxic and more targeted treatment strategies are needed to improve BL manage...

در این پژوهش، تغییرات زمانی تپ‌های لیزری 2CO TEA که از اتاقکی حاوی گاز 6SF با فشار mbar 150-10 عبور می‌کند، شاریدگی‌های انرژی و فشارهای گازی مختلف بررسی شده است. نشان داده است برای هر شاریدگی، قطع معینی وجود دارد قطع، میخه تپ به طور کامل حذف می‌شود، درحالی دنباله دربرگیرنده کسر قابل توجهی اولیه آن است، برجامی‌ماند. شواهد تجربی برآمده داده‌های بیناب‌سنجی FTIR، گسست چندفوتونی مولکول‌های را پاسخگو...

BACKGROUND Novel research training approaches are needed in global health, particularly in sub-Saharan African universities, to support strengthening of health systems and services. Blended learning (BL), combining face-to-face teaching with computer-based technologies, is also an accessible and flexible education method for teaching global health and related topics. When organised as inter-ins...

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroidal phytohormones that regulate various physiological processes, such as root development and stress tolerance. In the present study, we showed that brassinolide (BL) affects potato root in vitro growth in a dose-dependent manner. Low BL concentrations (0.1 and 0.01 μg/L) promoted root elongation and lateral root development, whereas high BL concentrations (1-10...