Chronic gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) is used therapeutically to block activity within the reproductive axis through down-regulation of GnRH receptors within the pituitary gland. GnRH receptors are also expressed in non-reproductive tissues, including areas of the brain such as the hippocampus and amygdala. The impact of long-term GnRHa-treatment on hippocampus-dependent cognit...

In stimulated IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles, the luteal phase is disrupted, necessitating luteal-phase supplementation. The most plausible reason behind this is the ovarian multifollicular development obtained after ovarian stimulation, resulting in supraphysiological steroid concentrations and consecutive inhibition of LH secretion by the pituitary via negative feedback at the le...

GnRH stimulates LH release from pituitary cells, and this process is calcium dependent. On the other hand, phorbol ester, 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a potent activator of calcium- and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C), stimulates luteinizing hormone (LH) release from rat pituitary cells. To investigate the involvement of the calcium dependent process in L...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the lowest effective dose of combined estrogen and progestogen (E(2)+P) add-back therapy during post-operative gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) treatment for endometriosis in Chinese women. STUDY DESIGN The study enrolled 81 patients aged 18 to 50 years with stage III or IV endometriosis, as diagnosed by surgery. All patients were given GnRHa 3.6 mg by subc...

Gonadotropin releasing hormone analogues (GnRHa) have been used for treatment of central precocious puberty (CPP) for more than 15 years. They are generally considered safe although data on potential long-term side effects are scarce. However, GnRHa therapy has profound effects on both the hypothalamopituitary-gonadal axis as well as on growth hormone (GH) secretion. Gonadal activity is increas...

Recently GnRH antagonist protocols for the prevention of a premature LH surge were introduced, allowing final oocyte maturation to be triggered with a single bolus of a GnRH agonist (GnRHa). GnRHa is as effective as hCG for the induction of ovulation, and apart from the LH surge a FSH surge is also induced. Until recently, prospective randomized studies reported a poor clinical outcome when GnR...

OBJECTIVES To study the effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa) on final adult height (FAH) among Jordanian children with central precocious puberty (CPP). Methods: It is a retrospective historical cohort study. We assessed the FAH and height gain in 43 children with CPP (39 females and 4 males) who received GnRHa and 13 children with CPP (11 females and 2 males) who did not r...

PURPOSE Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) is used as a therapeutic agent for central precocious puberty (CPP); however, increased obesity may subsequently occur. This study compared body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance during the first year of GnRHa treatment for CPP. METHODS Patient group included 83 girls (aged 7.0-8.9 years) with developed breasts and a peak luteinizin...

To evaluate the incidence and characteristics of uterine bleeding during postoperative gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) treatment combined with the lowest effective dose of estrogen-progestogen add-back therapy in Chinese women of reproductive age with endometriosis. Seventy Chinese women aged 18 to 50 years with stage III or IV endometriosis and treated with postoperative GnRHa a...

STUDY QUESTION Are there factors predicting the number of total and mature oocytes retrieved after controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) utilizing a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol and a GnRH agonist (GnRHa) to induce oocyte maturation? SUMMARY ANSWER Peak estradiol (E₂) level, post-trigger LH and progesterone and the magnitude of LH rise are independent predicto...