The APC tumor suppressor is found in nonproliferating epithelial cells of the colonic crypts and is mutated in most colorectal tumors. To understand the function of APC in normal epithelium and how its loss leads to tumor formation, we tested whether APC is a mediator of apoptosis using an in vitro assay that monitors caspase-3-mediated cleavage of lamin B protein or a colorimetric substrate in...

We explored the hypothesis that an altered microenvironment (intestinal adenomatous polyp) could modify the differentiation program of bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs), involving them in colon carcinogenesis. Sublethally irradiated 8-week-old female Apc(Min/+) mice were transplanted with bone marrow (BM) cells obtained from either male age-matched Apc(Min/+) (Apc-Tx-Apc) or wild type (WT)...

The switch from activation of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) by CDC20 to CDH1 during anaphase is crucial for accurate mitosis. APC/C(CDC20) ubiquitinates a limited set of substrates for subsequent degradation, including Cyclin B1 and Securin, whereas APC/C(CDH1) has a broader specificity. This switch depends on dephosphorylation of CDH1 and the APC/C, and on the degradation of...

We examined whether activated protein C (APC) reduces ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced renal injury by inhibiting leukocyte activation. In a rat model, intravenous administration of APC markedly reduced I/R-induced renal dysfunction and histological changes, whereas intravenous administration of dansyl glutamylglycylarginyl chloromethyl ketone-treated factor Xa (DEGR-FXa; active-site-blocked ...

Inactivation of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene product initiates colorectal tumorigenesis. Patients with familial APC (FAP) carry germ-line mutations in the APC gene and develop multiple colorectal adenomas and subsequent carcinomas early in life. The severity of the disease correlates with the position of the inherited APC mutation (genotype-phenotype correlation). Together with the...

The cytoprotective effects of activated protein C (aPC) are well established. In contrast, the receptors and signaling mechanism through which aPC conveys cytoprotection in various cell types remain incompletely defined. Thus, within the renal glomeruli, aPC preserves endothelial cells via a protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) and endothelial protein C receptor-dependent mechanism. Conversely...

Activated protein C (APC) plays a critical anticoagulant role in vivo by inactivating procoagulant factor Va and factor VIIIa and thus down-regulating thrombin generation. In addition, APC bound to the endothelial cell protein C receptor can initiate protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1)-mediated cytoprotective signaling. Protein S constitutes a critical cofactor for the anticoagulant function ...

We report the expression pattern of a new adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) homolog called E-APC during Drosophila development. E-APC protein is expressed in all embryonic and larval cells we have examined. In the early blastoderm embryo, we see a striking concentration of E-APC in the cortical actin caps. Microtubules are closely associated with these caps. Since human APC has been reported to ...

Gastric dysplasia, a precancerous lesion of the stomach, is primarily treated with endoscopic resection. Although argon plasma coagulation (APC) used as an alternative treatment for older patients or those bleeding tendency, studies have reported higher rate local recurrence after APC than This study aimed to investigate incidence and associated causative factors residual dysplasia through path...

Recently, a newly designed type of energy-input extraction column, agitated-pulsed column (APC), has been achieved high mass-transfer efficiency due to the small-size droplets and dispersed-phase holdup. In view lack feasible population-balance-model (PBM) kernel functions in APC, parameter optimization is conducted by simplified PBM method. Then optimized are implemented computational fluid-dy...