Model checking is an automatic technique for the verification of temporal properties of a system. In this technique, a system is represented as a labelled graph and the specification as a temporal logic formula. The core of temporal logic model checking is the reachability problem, which is not expressible in first-order logic (FOL); as a result, model checking of finite/infinite state systems ...

Semantic attachment is provided by FOL as a means for associating model values (i.e. LISP code) to symbols of a first order language. This paper presents an algorithm that automatically generates semantic attachments in FOL and discusses the advantages deriving from its use.

The follicular phase (FOL) and pregnancy exhibit increases in uterine blood flow (UBF), estrogen levels, and uterine artery (UA) endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression. UA branching within the mesometrium increases the total vascular cross-sectional area, which reduces the vascular perfusion pressure gradient, thus locally decreasing the blood flow velocity. Shear stress (SS) activ...

Abstract Background Endophytic bacteria are an association between and plant tissue that could play a role as biocontrol agent. Main body were isolated from several high root plants in Aceh, Indonesia. This study aimed to detect the chemical compounds of potential endophytic agent against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL). There 198 bacterial isolates detected roots 9 higher plant. Th...

Logical filtering is the process of updating a belief state (set of possible world states) after a sequence of executed actions and perceived observations. In general, it is intractable in dynamic domains that include many objects and relationships. Still, potential applications for such domains (e.g., semantic web, autonomous agents, and partial-knowledge games) encourage research beyond immed...

We study theory revision and composition in the context of OLPFOL logic. In this logic, the representation of knowledge is split into two parts: writing definitions for completely known concepts (OLP part), and writing constraints and expressing partial knowledge on other concepts (FOL part). In a previous work, the composition of two OLP-FOL theories with nonintersecting sets of defined predic...

Folate receptor α (FRα) is a cell surface, glycophosphatidylinositol-anchored protein which has focussed attention as a therapeutic target and as a marker for the diagnosis of cancer. It has a high affinity for the dietary supplemented folic acid (FOL), carrying out endocytic transport across the cell membrane and delivering the folate at the acidic pH of the endosome. Starting from the recentl...

UV-A radiation is a tool that has stimulant action in plants and can be used to induce benefits through the production of bioactive compounds synthesis secondary metabolites, among others. Particularly, its application could stimulate tolerance biotic stress caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) tomato plants; for this reason, aim present study was evaluate ability against Fol. ...

Querying Description Logic knowledge bases has received great attention in the last years. In such a problem, the need of coping with incomplete information is the distinguishing feature with respect to querying databases. Due to this feature, we have to deal with two conflicting needs: on the one hand, we would like to query the knowledge base with sophisticated mechanisms provided by full fir...

A long-standing dream of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has pursued to encode commonsense knowledge into computer programs enabling machines to reason about our world and problems. This work offers a new practical insight towards the automatic testing of first-order logic (FOL) ontologies. We introduce a novel fully automatic white-box testing framework for first-order logic (FOL) ontologies. The...