D iethyldithiocarbam ate (DeDTC), dim ethyldithiocarbam ate (DmDTC), and diisopropyldith iocarbam ate (DiDTC) w ere com pared at equim olar doses to determ ine their relative efficacies in antagonizing the acute tox­ icity of a > L D 100 dose of cadmium (Cd) and in prom oting the mobilization, redistribution, and excretion of m etallothionein-bound 109Cd in mice re ­ ceiving a < L D 10 dose of ...

The uptake of colloid-bound Cd, Cr, and Zn by marine plankton (including the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana, the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum, and the copepod Paracalanus aculeatus) was studied using the radiotracer technique. Natural organic colloids (operationally defined as particles between 1 kDa and 0.2 μm) were isolated from Hong Kong coastal seawater using cross-flow ultrafiltrat...

The '"Cd binding assay of Eaton & Toal was critically evaluated and then used to assess the induction of cytosolic metal-binding ligands in rainbow trout exposed to Zn in the diet and/or in the water for 16 weeks. With purified rabbit Cd-Zn metallothionein(MT), W d binding and total Cd recovery in the assay were linear up to 5 pg of protein; gel chromatography revealed a single peak. With heat-...

There is concern that previously accumulated bone lead stores may constitute an internal source of exposure, particularly during periods of increased bone mineral loss (e.g., pregnancy, lactation, and menopause). Furthermore, the contribution of lead mobilized from bone to plasma may not be adequately reflected by whole-blood lead levels. This possibility is especially alarming because plasma i...

Cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) arrays with photon-counting and energy-resolving capabilities are widely proposed for next-generation X-ray imaging systems. This work presents the performance of a 2 mm-thick CZT pixel detector, with pixel pitches of 500 and 250 µm, dc coupled to a fast and low-noise ASIC (PIXIE ASIC), characterized only by the preamplifier stage. A custom 16-channel digital readou...

The Ge and Si detectors developed by the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS) II experiment rely on the simultaneous detection of athermal phonons and ionization produced by interactions in the crystal. The athermal phonons not only provide the total energy deposited during an interaction, but also carry information about the position of the interaction. We describe extracting this information f...

OBJECTIVES To identify predictors of tibial and dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) chelatable lead in 543 organolead manufacturing workers with past exposure to organic and inorganic lead. METHODS In this cross sectional study, tibial lead (by 109Cd K-shell x ray fluorescence), DMSA chelatable lead (4 hour urinary lead excretion after oral administration of 10 mg/kg), and several exposure measure...

The zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha, a nonindigenous invasive species, is now widespread throughout the eastern half of North America. Because zebra mussels are ubiquitous and because they effectively filter particulate matter out of suspension, the cycling and residence times of particle-reactive metals will likely be affected in waters with zebra mussels. This study describes experiments d...

Objective—We evaluated whether tibia lead was associated with longitudinal change in brain volumes and white matter lesions in male former lead workers and population-based controls in whom we have previously reported on the cognitive and structural consequences of cumulative lead dose. Methods—We used linear regression to identify predictors of change in brain volumes and white matter lesion g...