In this study, oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFBF) was pretreated with alkali, and lignin was extracted for further degradation into lower molecular weight phenolic compounds using enzymes and chemical means. Efficiency of monomeric aromatic compounds production from OPEFBF lignin via chemical (nitrobenzene versus oxygen) and enzymatic [cutinase versus manganese peroxidase (MnP)] approaches was...

This study compared the ability of two sodium fluoride dentifrices, one containing 5,000 ppm fluoride (Prevident 5000 Plus) and the other 1,100 ppm fluoride (Winterfresh Gel), to reverse primary root caries lesions (PRCLs). A total of 201 subjects with at least one PRCL each entered the study and were randomly allocated to use one of the dentifrices. After 6 months, 186 subjects were included i...

Limiters are nonlinear hybridization techniques that are used to preserve positivity and monotonicity when numerically solving hyperbolic conservation laws. Unfortunately, the original methods suffer from the truncation-error being 1 order accurate at all extrema despite the accuracy of the higher-order method [1, 2, 3, 4]. To remedy this problem, higherorder extensions were proposed that relie...

In this paper, energy detectors are developed for wideband and ultra-wideband (UWB) pulse position modulation (PPM). Exact bit error probability (BEP) expressions are presented under different assumptions about the channel. More specifically, we present an expression for the instantaneous BEP for a specific channel realization as well as an expression for the average BEP for an i.i.d. zero-mean...

Historically, Markovian predictors have been very successful in predicting branch outcomes. In this work we propose a hybrid scheme that employs two Prediction by Partial Matching (PPM) Markovian predictors, one that predicts based on local branch histories and one based on global branch histories. The two independent predictions are combined using a neural network. On the CBP-2 traces the prop...

Text classification is one of the most actual among the natural language processing problems. In this paper the application of word-based PPM (Prediction by Partial Matching) model for automatic content-based text classification is described. Our main idea is that words and especially word combinations are more relevant features for many text classification tasks. Key-words for a document in mo...

An extreme low power voltage reference generator operating with a supply voltage ranging from 0.9 to 4 V has been implemented in AMS 0.35m CMOS process. The maximum supply current measured at the maximum supply voltage and at 80 C is 70 nA. A temperature coefficient of 10 ppm C is achieved as the combined effect of 1) a perfect suppression of the temperature dependence of mobility; 2) the compe...