[reaction: see text]. The photoinduced reactions of aryl halides with the thiourea anion afford arene thiolate ions in DMSO. These species without isolation, and by a subsequent aliphatic nucleophilic substitution, S(RN)1 reaction, oxidation, or protonation, yield aryl methyl sulfides, diaryl sulfides, diaryl disulfides, and aryl thiols with good yields (50-80%). This is a simple and convenient...

A series of diaryl amines, ethers and thioethers were synthesized under microwave irradiation efficiently at presence of KF/Al2O3 in 83%-96% yields without any solvent. The salient characters of this method lie in short reaction time, high yields, general applicability to substrates and simple workup procedure. At the same time, their antifungal biological activities against six phytopathogen w...

Cyhalothrin is a common environmental pollutant which poses increased risks to non-target organisms including human beings. This study reported for the first time a newly isolated strain, Bacillus thuringiensis ZS-19 completely degraded cyhalothrin in minimal medium within 72 h. The bacterium transformed cyhalothrin by cleavage of both the ester linkage and diaryl bond to yield six intermediate...

By using a versatile high-pressure liquid chromatography method (total elution time approximately 135 min) developed in the present study, we detected the formation of some 20 nonpolar radioactive metabolite peaks (designated as M1 through M20), in addition to a large number of polar hydroxylated or keto metabolites, following incubations of [(3)H]17beta-estradiol with human liver microsomes or...

Despite notable recent efforts, a catalytic and convenient strategy for the direct alkylation of unactivated allylic or benzylic sp C–H bonds remains a formidable challenge facing the synthesis community. We herein report an unprecedented allylic/benzylic alkylation using only an organo-photoredox catalyst, which enables coupling of a broad scope of alkenes/arenes and electron-deficient alkenes...

The reduction of 1,1-diaryl-2,2-dicyanoethylenes with SmI(2) in THF was studied in the presence of four proton donors: H(2)O, MeOH, i-PrOH and trifluoroethanol (TFE). The kinetic order for the first two is nearly unity at low proton donor concentrations and approaches four at high concentrations, whereas, for i-PrOH and TFE, the log-log plot is linear with a slope smaller than one. Detailed ana...

the solvent free route for the synthesis of diaryl sulfoxides from arenes and thionyl chloride in the presence of lewis acids such as aluminum chloride and ferric chloride on silica gel are described.

The kinetic resolution of racemic C(2)-symmetric 1,2-diaryl-1,2-diaminoethanes was accomplished for the first time through application of a dual-catalysis approach.