نتایج جستجو برای: 25287 and 8626 us dollars
تعداد نتایج: 16850786 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
OBJECTIVE Diabetes is the fifth leading cause of death by disease in the U.S. Diabetes also contributes to higher rates of morbidity-people with diabetes are at higher risk for heart disease, blindness, kidney failure, extremity amputations, and other chronic conditions. The objectives of this study were 1). to estimate the direct medical and indirect productivity-related costs attributable to ...
a frame semantic approach to the study of translating cultural scripts in salingers franny and zooey
the frame semantic theory is a nascent approach in the area of translation studies which goes beyond the linguistic barriers and helps us to incorporate cognitive and cultural factors to the study of translation. based on rojos analytical model (2002b), which centered in the frames or knowledge structures activated in the text, the present research explores the various translation problems that...
in this investigation the effect of external field on the electron density of nanostructures of cds, cdse, cdte, gaas and polymeric structure of three, four, five and six units of cds as a kind of nanosolar cells has been studied theoretically. as modeling this system in nanodimension, molecular structures has used. specific properties of molecular structures permit us to consider different sym...
BACKGROUND Health plans are using 3-tier copayment designs and other methods to control utilization that shifts drug costs to plan members. There is a need to determine the effects of increased member cost sharing on drug utilization and drug costs. OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of a 10 US dollars increase in prescription copayment in a public employer health plan for 2 classes of drugs used...
OBJECTIVE To map and measure the flows of financial resources for health research and development in Brazil for the years 2000-2002. METHODS After adapting the methodology developed for the Center for Economic Policy Research, data were collected on the sources and uses of resources for health research and development. RESULTS The annual average value of resources apportioned to health rese...
BACKGROUND & AIMS Colorectal cancer screening is effective and cost-effective, but little data from health plan settings are available inform decision-makers regarding direct economic implications of colorectal cancer screening programs. The purpose of this study was to compare the prediagnosis evaluation and first-year treatment costs of persons diagnosed with colorectal cancer, stratified by ...
OBJECTIVE To investigate and compare seven types of injection devices for their risks of iatrogenic transmission of bloodborne pathogens and their economic costs in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS Risk assumptions for each device and cost models were constructed to estimate the number of new hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections resulting from patient-to-patien...
STUDY OBJECTIVE To conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of IV-to-oral regimens of azithromycin vs cefuroxime with or without erythromycin in the treatment of patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). PATIENTS Of the 268 evaluable patients enrolled into a randomized, multicenter clinical trial of adults, 266 patients had sufficient data to be included in this cost-effecti...
BACKGROUND First-line treatment for Graves disease is frequently 18 months of antithyroid medication (ATM). Controversy exists concerning the next best line of treatment for patients who have failed to achieve euthyroidism; options include lifelong ATM, radioactive iodine (RAI), or total thyroidectomy (TT). We aim to determine the most cost-effective option. STUDY DESIGN We performed a cost-e...
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