The purpose of the present study was to determine whether fructose is the nutrient mediator of sucrose-induced insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. Toward this end, male rats were fed a purified starch diet (68% of total calories) for a 2-wk baseline period. After this, rats either remained on the starch (ST) diet or were switched to a sucrose (SU, 68% of total calories), fructose/glucos...

We report a case of a 36-year-old woman with progressive generalized myoclonus that first became apparent 9 years ago. Her younger brother had similar problems. Examination of her eyes revealed cherry-red spots. Hexosaminidase A, β-galactosidase and neuraminidase activity were normal. Although the laboratory findings were negative, cherry-red spots, progressive myoclonus and autosomal recessive...

Many plants accumulate substantial starch reserves in their leaves during the day and remobilize them at night to provide carbon and energy for maintenance and growth. In this paper, we explore the role of a sugar-signaling metabolite, trehalose-6-phosphate (Tre6P), in regulating the accumulation and turnover of transitory starch in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) leaves. Ethanol-induced ove...

FUNCIONALITY OF POROUS STARCH OBTAINED BY AMYLASE OR 1 AMYLOGLUCOSIDASE TREATMENTS 2 3 A. Dura, W. Błaszczak, C. M. Rosell* 4 1 Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA-CSIC), Avenida Agustin 5 Escardino, 7, Paterna 46980, Valencia, Spain. E-mail: [email protected] 6 2 Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 7 Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Pol...

We have isolated a starch mutant that was deficient in starch-branching enzyme I (BEI) from the endosperm mutant stocks of rice (Oryza sativa) induced by the treatment of fertilized egg cells with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. The deficiency of BEI in this mutant was controlled by a single recessive gene, tentatively designated as starch-branching enzyme mutant 1 (sbe1). The mutant endosperm exhibite...

Stomatal pores form a crucial interface between the leaf mesophyll and the atmosphere, controlling water and carbon balance in plants [1]. Major advances have been made in understanding the regulatory networks and ion fluxes in the guard cells surrounding the stomatal pore [2]. However, our knowledge on the role of carbon metabolism in these cells is still fragmentary [3-5]. In particular, the ...

Sunflower (cv. "Mammoth Greystripe") and soybean (Merr. cv. "Amsoy 71") leaves were exposed to continuous light for at least 52 hours in an attempt to determine the relationship between leaf starch levels and photosynthetic rates. Immature rapidly expanding and relatively mature slowly expanding sunflower leaves were studied. After 52 hours continuous light, the rapidly expanding leaves accumul...

Yu K., Wang Y., Xu Y., Guo L., Du X. (2016): Correlation between wheat starch annealing conditions and retrogradation during storage. Czech J. Food Sci., 34: 79–86. The effects of annealing conditions on the degree of retrogradation (DR) in wheat starch were analysed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Three annealing parameters were varied, namely moisture (...

Culinary cassava (Manihot esculenta L.) qualities that make a variety popular are a function of starch physicochemical properties. Hence, in response to inferior root qualities in some released cassava varieties in Uganda compared to the local germplasm, a study was undertaken to examine: (i) starch physicochemical characteristics in both introduced and local varieties; and (ii) the variation i...