The intensive global use of glyphosate has led to the evolution resistant (GR) weed species, including economically damaging horseweed (Conyza sumatrensis). We evaluated resistance mechanisms C. sumatrensis. While 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase activity was similar between and nonresistant biotypes, plants from GR population accumulated lower shikimate levels than susceptible ones,...

Abstract Herbicide resistance is one of the main crop traits that improve farming methods and productivity. CRISPR-Cas9 can be applied to development herbicide-resistant crops based on a target site mechanism, by editing genes encoding herbicide binding proteins. The sgRNAs capable herbicides, pds (phytoene desaturase), ALS (acetolactate synthase), EPSPS (5-Enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate were...

Abstract Comparing fitness of herbicide-resistant and herbicide-susceptible weed biotypes is important for managing herbicide resistance. Previous research suggests there little to no penalty from amplification the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase ( EPSPS ) gene (a mechanism glyphosate resistance) in Palmer amaranth Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) controlled studies greenhouse or growt...

It is generally claimed that glyphosate kills undesired plants by affecting the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) enzyme, disturbing the shikimate pathway. However, the mechanisms leading to plant death may also be related to secondary or indirect effects of glyphosate on plant physiology. Moreover, some plants can metabolize glyphosate to aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) or ...

Glyphosate is the active component of the top-selling herbicide, the phytotoxicity of which is due to its inhibition of the shikimic acid pathway. 5-Enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) is a key enzyme in the shikimic acid pathway. Glyphosate tolerance in plants can be achieved by the expression of a glyphosate-insensitive aroA gene (EPSPS). In this study, we used a PCR-based two-s...

The gene transfer from glyphosate tolerant soybean to Bradyrhizobium japonicum was evaluated in a free-air lysimeter experiment under natural conditions and increasing selection pressure, to monitor for the probability of horizontal gene transfer (HGT). A large volume lysimeter study that offers conditions comparable to normal farming was conducted in 2004 and 2005 with Roundup Ready® (RR) soyb...