Background: Maternal antibodies, transported over the placenta during pregnancy, contribute to the protection of infants from infectious diseases during the first months of life. In term infants, this protection does not last until the first recommended measles-mumpsrubella vaccination at 14 months in the Netherlands, while these viruses still circulate. The aim of the study was to investigate ...

48 NATURE | VOL 399 | 6 MAY 1999 | www.nature.com after which it was cooled. Typically, during the dynamical evolution individual bonds undergo large-amplitude thermal ̄uctuations, which decrease on cooling. During the room temperature L ˆ 13:50 Ê A CPMD run for N ˆ 28, dissociation occurred at a bond location just outside the entrance to the knot, well separated from the terminal atom where the...

The teaching of Languages for Specific Purposes (LSP) in the second half of the twentieth centuryhas been greatly influenced both by the communicative approach and by developments inresearch in discourse analysis, particularly with reference to genre. The integration of researchin corpus linguistics in the language-learning environment has been a more recent phenomenon,with publ...

The conditional expression of hairpin constructs in Drosophila melanogaster has emerged in recent years as a method of choice in functional genomic studies. To date, upstream activating site– driven RNA interference constructs have been inserted into the genome randomly using P-element–mediated transformation, which can result in false negatives due to variable expression. To avoid this problem...

This article examines the issues of learning engagement and describes the socio-cultural context of Quest Atlantis’ (QA) implementation in a series of science lessons among primary Four (10 to 11 years old) students in Singapore. QA is a Multi-user Virtual Environment (MUVE). It uses 3D virtual technology to create an interactive environment to immerse children aged between 8 and 12 years in ed...

The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is an intercellular signalling mechanism that is present in the islets of Langerhans and plays a role in the modulation of insulin secretion and expansion of the β-cell mass. The downstream signalling pathways mediating these effects are poorly understood. Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signalling is a key intracellular pathway involved in ener...

Aloe arborescens Miller var. natalensis Berger (Japanese name Kidachi aloe) is widely used in Japan, not only as a traditional remedy for gastrointestinal complaints, skin injury and burns, but also as an ingredient in health foods (Fujita, 1993; Yamamoto et al., 1995; Beppu et al., 2003). Previously, we demonstrated that freeze-dried whole leaves of Aloe arborescens var. natalensis (hereinafte...

the color removal of three reactive dyes in an aquatic system without priortreatment was studied. selected commercial dyes were treated with nac102 anduv as oxidation agents. effects of nature of oxidant, temperature, ph ofsolutions, concentration of c107—, contact time of c102— and uv irradiation wereinvestigated. optimal c102— concentration for color removal in the absence of uvirradiation wa...