We present two left-to-right integer recodings which can be used to perform scalar multiplication with a fixed sequence of operations. These recodings make it possible to have a simple power analysis resistant implementation of a group-based cryptosystem without using unified formulas or introducing dummy operations. This approach is very useful for groups in which the doubling step are less ex...

This paper investigates the impact of hedging activities on U.S. export pricing. A theoretical framework of export pricing model with a hedging component was derived to test the hypothesis via exchange rate pass-through. The hypothesis is that a firm with a high (low) hedging engagement would have a low (normal) degree of exchange rate pass-through, ceteris paribus. Two measurements of the hedg...

We present an axiomatic characterization of the Owen-Shapley spatial power index for the case where issues are elements of two-dimensional space. This characterization employs a version of the transfer condition, which enables us to unravel a spatial game into spatial games connected to unanimity games. The other axioms are spatial versions of anonymity and dummy, and two conditions concerned p...

This paper presents a data driven approach that enables one to obtain a measure of comparability between-groups in the presence of observational data. The main idea lies in the use of the general framework of conditional multiple correspondences analysis as a tool for investigating the dependence relationship between a set of observable categorical covariates X and an assignment-to-treatment in...

In this paper I focus on the effect of informal networks on individuals’ job search and earnings. In the empirical analysis, conducted on data drawn from the 1991 and 1993 Bank of Italy Survey of Household Income and Wealth, I show that while seeking work through informal networks (referrals by friends, relatives, or acquaintances to potential employers) increases the probability of receiving j...

In this paper, the authors analyze product attributes and consumer characteristics in an international service selection decision. Previous work has focused on main effects without exploring the significance of interaction or individual heterogeneity effects. Using conjoint and ordered probit analyses, we find that including interaction and respondent specific dummy variables alters the impacts...

Designers often use a series of sketches to explain how their design goes through different states or modes to achieve its intended function. Learning how to create such explanations turns out to be a difficult problem for engineering students. An automated “crash test dummy” to let students practice explanations would be desirable. This paper describes how to carry out a core piece of the reas...

The Asian financial crisis in 1997 brought to the attention of member countries of the Association of South East Asian Countries (ASEAN-5) (comprising Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand) the need for closer monetary co-operation. Central to the OCA literature is the nature and symmetry of underlying economic disturbances. If the economic disturbances are similar across...

The adjectives of quantity (Q-adjectives) many, few, much and little stand out from other quantity expressions on account of their syntactic flexibility, occurring in positions that could be called quantificational (many students attended), predicative (John’s friends were many), attributive (the many students), differential (much more than a liter) and adverbial (slept too much). This broad di...

The relationship between vegetation, transportation networks, and crime has been under debate. Vegetation has been positively correlated with fear of crime; however, the actual correlation between vegetation and occurrences of crime is uncertain. Transportation networks have also been connected with crime occurrence but their impact on crime tends to vary over different circumstances. By conduc...