Purinergic signalling is now recognized to be involved in a wide range of activities of the nervous system, including neuroprotection, central control of autonomic functions, neural-glial interactions, control of vessel tone and angiogenesis, pain and mechanosensory transduction and the physiology of the special senses. In this article, I give a personal retrospective of the discovery of purine...

In current-day medicine, endoscopy plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of many different conditions. This improving technology has led to new areas of endoscopic visualization, particularly of the epidural space, spinal cord and contiguous structures. A review of the medical literature indicates that clinicians have been working with various types of endoscopes for over sixty...

The study of human skeletal remains from archaeological sites gives us the opportunity to answer important questions about the lifestyle of past populations. The discipline that studies human skeletal remains is known as bioarchaeology. This paper provides a historical review of bioarchaeological research in Croatia. It is based on the available published material that analyzes human skeletal r...

Insulin is the most effective blood glucose lowering agent and remains one of the cornerstones of diabetes management. However, many individuals with diabetes are either reluctant to initiate or are nonadherent to their insulin therapy for various reasons, including fear of frequent injections. Technosphere Insulin (TI) is a novel inhaled insulin powder that is approved by the United States Foo...

Sperm DNA Fragmentation has been extensively studied for more than a decade. In the 1940s the uniqueness of the spermatozoa protein complex which stabilizes the DNA was discovered. In the fifties and sixties, the association between unstable chromatin structure and subfertility was investigated. In the seventies, the impact of induced DNA damage was investigated. In the 1980s the concept of spe...

By reading, you can know the knowledge and things more, not only about what you get from people to people. Book will be more trusted. As this biological warfare and bioterrorism a historical review, it will really give you the good idea to be successful. It is not only for you to be success in certain life you can be successful in everything. The success can be started by knowing the basic know...

This paper analyzes theories and models of pitch from a historical perspective. Pythagoras is credited with the first ”psychophysical” model, the monochord, that he used to formulate a law that links a physical quantity (ratio of string lengths) to a psychological quantity (musical interval). The relation between pitch itself and frequency emerged progressively with Aristoxenos, Boethius, Merse...

SINCE 1844 there has been legislation in Great Britain to prevent accidents in premises subject to the Factories Act. This legislation was the first of its kind, was continously adapted in the light of experience and has been a pattern for legislation to prevent accidents in many countries. The first factory legislation such as Sir Robert Peel's 'Health and Morals of Apprentices Act' was concer...

"Stereotactic" is an exact radiotherapy treatment modality which implements invasive and non-invasive facilities for improving precise dose delivery. Stereotactic refers to three-dimensional localization of a specific point in space by a unique set of coordinates that relate to a fixed external reference frame. An accurate delivery of radiation is attainable using these techniques with high pre...

Yet each in itself – this was the uncanny, the antiorganic, the life-denying character of them all – each of them was absolutely symmetrical, icily regular in form. They were too regular, as substance adapted to life never was to this degree – the living principle shuddered at this perfect precision, found it deathly, the very marrow of death – Hans Castorp felt he understood now the reason why...