OBJECTIVES The aim of this paper is to estimate the impact of smoking and alcohol use on the increase in social inequality in mortality in Denmark in the period 1985-2009. DESIGN A nationwide register-based study. SETTING Denmark. PARTICIPANTS The whole Danish population aged 30 years or more in the period 1985-2009. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome is mortalit...

OBJECTIVE Consistent with the cognitive reserve hypothesis, higher education and occupation attainments may help persons with neurodegenerative dementias to better withstand neuropathology before developing cognitive impairment. We tested here the cognitive reserve hypothesis in patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD), with or without pathogenetic granulin mutations (GRN+ and GRN-), and in ...

The educational and occupational attainments of Hispanic women are tied to the norms of an Anglocentric and androcentric school system. In the past, research has indicated that young female students gain an advantage in the early years of school because of their conformity to certain behaviors including passivity, docility and neatness. Teacher norms for students are specified on three dimensio...

In this paper, we survey the UK-based literature on school structures and school autonomy to identify settings in which alternative and more autonomous school arrangements can improve the educational attainments of pupils in the bottom tail of the achievement distribution. We also present new evidence on the effect of school academies on the age-16 GCSE attainment of students of different abili...

The United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) recognize energy poverty as a significant issue affecting developing and developed countries. Goal 7 of the (SDG 7) focuses on (EP) aims to achieve universal access affordable, reliable, sustainable, modern services by 2030. This study examines relationship between educational attainments in Pakistan using time series data from 1990 2020....

At present, nature is becoming more and important in people’s mind. It a very popular way to combine humanity architecture. Japanese architects have deep research attainments this respect, combined with Japan’s unique humanistic care characteristics, can make the whole architectural style lifelike. This paper will analyze of Japan from several aspects put forward its own views.

Measuring and monitoring socioeconomic health inequalities are critical for understanding the impact of policy decisions. However , the measurement of health inequality is far from value neutral, and one can easily present the measure that best supports one's chosen conclusion or selectively exclude measures. improving people's understanding of the often implicit value judgments is therefore im...