A set of operat ions for construct ing a lgebra ic specif icat ions in an arbi t rary logical system is presented. This builds on the f ramework provided by Goguen and Burstal l 's work on the not ion of an inst i tut ion as a formal isat ion of the concept of a logical system for wri t ing specif icat ions. We show how to introduce free variables into the sentences of an arbi t rary institutio...

An important feature of speech-gesture integration is that speech and gesture content influence each other in interpretation. To analyse this, we sketch an approach based on three assumptions: (i) the interpreter infers by abduction an explanation for why a particular gesture is synchronized with a particular utterance (part), (ii) semantic composition amounts to the identification of free vari...

In this article, we describe proven and exciting new analytics for testing hypotheses using empirical/ archival financial accounting data. Our study seeks to (1) inform business professionals about state-of-the-art methods and evidence from accounting research and (2) trigger academics to pursue new creative cross-disciplinary research in business, economics, law, and related social science fie...

This paper demonstrates that genetic programming can be used to automatically create the design for both the topology and parameter values (tuning) for a common parameterized controller for all the plants in two families of plants that are representative of typical industrial processes. The genetically evolved controller is "general" in the sense that it contains free variables representing the...

We make a formal sociologic study of the concept of free will. By using the language of mathematics and logic, we define what we call everlasting societies. Everlasting societies never age: persons never age, and the goods of the society are indestructible. The infinite history of an everlasting society unfolds by following deterministic and probabilistic laws that do their best to satisfy the ...

In ordinary rst order logic, a valid inference in a language L is one in which the conclusion is true in every model of the language in which the premises are true. To accommodate inductive/uncertain/probabilistic/nonmonotonic inference, we weaken that demand to the demand that the conclusion be true in a large proportion of the models in which the relevant premises are true. More generally, we...

The purpose of this study is to most which indicate that human resource accounting disclosures have an influence on company performance, refers the research al Mamun (2009) and Widodo (2014). Seeing there are not many studies in Indonesia examine disclosure practices Indonesian companies their relationship it very appropriate conduct further contribute novelty research. Research can provide emp...