The biological effects of drug vehicles are often overlooked, often leading to artifacts in acetaminophen-induced liver injury assessment. Therefore, we decided to investigate the effect of dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylformamide, propylene glycol, ethanol, and Tween 20 on acetaminophen-induced liver injury. C57BL/6 male mice received a particular drug vehicle (0.6 or 0.2 mL/kg, i.p.) 30 min befor...

Aim According to experimental studies, cardiopulmonary distress decreases after closure of patent ductus arteriosus. However, early the using ibuprofen or indomethacin has failed increase survival without serious morbidity. We review relevant data aiming define optimal management strategies that promote arteriosus adverse effects. Methods Literature in English was searched selectively focusing ...

Overdoses of acetaminophen cause hepato-renal oxidative stress. The present study was undertaken to investigate the protective effect of a 43 kDa protein isolated from the herb Cajanus indicus, against acetaminophen-induced hepatic and renal toxicity. Male albino mice were treated with the protein for 4 days (intraperitoneally, 2 mg/kg body wt) prior or post to oral administration of acetaminop...

Acetaminophen intoxication is not uncommon globally while herbs are increasingly utilized to counter many synthetic adverse drug reactions over time. It against this concept that we investigated renal and hepatic protective/ameliorative potentials of Taliumtrangulare stem extract on acetaminophen toxicity in rats. In-bred Sprague-Dawley rats both gender, 12-15 weeks old weighed 188-202g were gr...

Short title: Inhibition of glutathione reductase by APAP-SG in vitro 2 Summary Acetaminophen is one of commonly used analgesics and antipyretics. It is a safe drug at therapeutic doses but in the overdose, it causes liver injury which may lead to acute liver failure. The aim of the present work was to investigate a new mechanism contributing to the toxic acting of acetaminophen especially to ex...

Acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity results from hepatic enzymatic oxidation of acetaminophen to a toxic, electrophilic intermediate. Acetaminophen is ordinarily eliminated after conjugation with glucuronic acid and sulfate to nontoxic derivatives. Cimetidine has been shown to inhibit the hepatic oxidation of a number of drugs and to protect rats from acetaminophen-induced hepatic necrosis. Th...

Intravenous N-acetylcysteine (IV-NAC) is usually regarded as a safe antidote to acetaminophen overdose. However, during infusion of the loading dose, adverse drug reactions such as a headache may occur. The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence of headache in patients presenting to hospital after acetaminophen overdose and to determine which clinical findings are most pred...

Adverse reactions of acetaminophen have been associated to oxidative stress, which may be elicited by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or production of the metabolite NAPQI. Both phenomena would arise through the activity of liver cytochrome P450 (CYP450) system, but their contribution to this oxidative stress is yet to be clarified. A NADPH oxidase activity has been proposed in rat liver micr...

Acetaminophen is a widely used analgesic that can cause acute liver failure when consumed above a maximum daily dose. Certain patients may be at increased risk of hepatocellular damage even at conventional therapeutic doses. We report a case of a 34-year-old man on carbamazepine for complex partial seizures who developed acute liver and renal failure on less than 2.5 grams a day of acetaminophe...