Leaf and woody plant tissue (Pinus ponderosa, Eucalyptus saligna, Quercus gambelli, Saccharum officinarum and Oriza sativa) were heated from 30 to 300C and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions were identified and quantified. Major VOC emissions were mostly oxygenated and included acetic acid, furylaldehyde, acetol, pyrazine, terpenes, 2,3-butadione, phenol and methanol, as well as smaller ...

Volatiles from aqueous extract of peppermint commercial sachets were investigated through gas chromatography/flame ionization detection (GC/FID) and GC/mass spectrometry (MS). Samples were prepared under similar conditions as in homemade tea. Volatiles were isolated using solid phase extraction method (SPE) with Porapak Q trap followed by desorption with acetone. Estimated mean values for short...

Two transaminases exist for tyrosine and phenylalanine synthesis in Bacillus subtilis. One enzyme is also responsible for the transamination of imidazole acetol phosphate to histidinol phosphate, an obligatory reaction in the synthesis of histidine. The gene involved in the synthesis of this enzyme lies in the middle of a cluster of genes, all of which are concerned with the synthesis of the ar...

In histidine biosynthesis, histidinol-phosphate aminotransferase catalyzes the transfer of the amino group from glutamate to imidazole acetol-phosphate producing 2-oxoglutarate and histidinol phosphate. In some organisms such as the hyperthermophile Thermotoga maritima, specific tyrosine and aromatic amino acid transaminases have not been identified to date, suggesting an additional role for hi...

The promoting effect of Pd on a Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst for the aqueous glycerol hydrogenolysis process to produce 1,2-propanediol was studied. At lower hydrogen pressure (2.07 MPa), using with 2 wt% doped, could significantly improve conversion (97.2%) and selectivity (93.3%) compared unpromoted (69.4% 89.7%, respectively). A power-law kinetic model, which took into account all elementary reacti...

Abstract 5 The techno-economic potential of the UK poplar wood and imported oil palm empty fruit 6 bunch derived bio-oil integrated gasification and Fischer-Tropsch (BOIG-FT) systems for the 7 generation of transportation fuels and combined heat and power (CHP) was investigated. The 8 bio-oil was represented in terms of main chemical constituents, i.e. acetic acid, acetol and 9 guaiacol. The co...

that, under anaerobic conditions, appreciable quantities of pyruvate were metabolized by Flex ner-,Jobling carcinoma homogenates to reduced compounds other than lactic acid. For these stud ies a medium of glycolytic substrates and cofactors was employed in the presence of a “fluorideblock.― This medium permitted the quantitative estima tion of pyruvate metabolism to products other than lact...

Bio-oil produced from fast pyrolysis of biomass contains sugars originating from cellulose. Traditional quantification of sugars in bio-oil is accomplished by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) via derivatization, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ion-exchange chromatography (IC), or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methodologies. These techniques are highly specific for ...