BACKGROUND The aim of this research was to investigate whether increased portion sizes of vegetables and decreased portion sizes of meat on main dishes increased the amount of vegetables consumed in a real-life restaurant setting without affecting customer satisfaction. The participants were unaware of the experiment. METHODS A cross-over design was used in which three restaurants were random...

The incidence of nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) is rising worldwide, especially in women and with increasing age. Kidney stones are associated with chronic kidney disease. Preventing recurrence is largely specific to the type of stone (e.g., calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, cystine, struvite [magnesium ammonium phosphate]), and uric acid stones); however, even when the stone cannot be retri...

obesity is rising rapidly in iran. nutrition is an important issue of obesity; fruits and vegetables are among the best food sources of antioxidant vitamins, soluble fibers, phytochemicals, and other nutrient constituents. further, some of these foods have been shown to be protective related to reduction of chronic disease risk. in this study, consumption of fruits & vegetables and body mass in...

BACKGROUND Generalized hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) occurring during exposure to hypoxia is a detrimental process resulting in an increase in lung vascular resistance. Nebulization of sodium nitrite has been shown to inhibit HPV. The aim of this project was to investigate and compare the effects of nebulization of nitrite and different formulations of acidified sodium nitrite on acu...

The effects of medium term (32 d) hypercapnia on the immune response of Mytilus edulis were investigated in mussels exposed to acidified (using CO2) sea water (pH 7.7, 7.5 or 6.7; control: pH 7.8). Levels of phagocytosis increased significantly during the exposure period, suggesting an immune response induced by the experimental set-up. However, this induced stress response was suppressed when ...

To evaluate the food safety effect of NaCl-free processing, acidification, smoking and high pressure in QDS processed dry-cured ham, 3 ham types (non-acidified smoked, acidified, and acidified smoked) were produced according to a standard (-S) and a new NaCl-free (-F) process. Slices were spiked with Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enterica (three strains each, <2 log CFU/g), dried by the...

OBJECTIVE To examine associations between parenting styles, family structure and aspects of adolescent dietary behaviour. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Secondary schools in the East Midlands, UK. SUBJECTS Adolescents aged 12-16 years (n 328, 57 % boys) completed an FFQ assessing their consumption of fruit, vegetables, unhealthy snacks and breakfast. Adolescents provided informatio...

Food insecurity is affecting an increasing number of urban poor in the developing world. Yet seasonal characteristics of food intakes have rarely been studied in West African cities. The objective of the present study was to assess the seasonality of the dietary dimension of household food security in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). In 2007, two sets of data were collected during the lean and post-...

We describe the development and application of a teacher-administered tool for routine program evaluation of food-tasting activities among low-income children and adolescents in a classroom or afterschool setting. This six-item evaluation tool is intended to capture student willingness to try new foods and ask for them at home. Phase 1 involved one-on-one interviews to determine the feasibility...

KEY FINDINGS Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009-2010. More than three-quarters of youth aged 2-19 years (77.1%) consumed fruit on a given day. Almost 92% of youth aged 2-19 years consumed vegetables on a given day. Nine out of 10 children aged 2-5 years consumed fruit, while only 6 out of 10 adolescents consumed fruit on a given day. More children aged 2-5 year...