Subjects saw kinetic depth displays whose shape (sphere or cylinder) was defined by luminous dots distributed randomly on the surface or in the volume of the object. Subjects rated perceived 3-D depth, rigidity, and coherence. Despite individual differences, all 3 ratings increased with the number of dots. Dots in the volume yielded ratings equal to or greater than surface dots. Each rating var...

Historians of chemistry usually associate the eighteenth century with the Chemical Revolution, but it could just as readily be called 'the century of gases' (or 'airs', as they were called in the eighteenth century). In the early part of the century, the British pneumatic chemists struggled to replace the traditional notion 'Air', understood as an inert chemical element, with the concept of 'ai...

Do 18-month-olds understand that an agent's false belief can be corrected by an appropriate, though not an inappropriate, communication? In Experiment 1, infants watched a series of events involving two agents, a ball, and two containers: a box and a cup. To start, agent1 played with the ball and then hid it in the box, while agent2 looked on. Next, in agent1's absence, agent2 moved the ball fr...

The early modern era saw important changes in the character of warfare in Europe, including the development of larger, permanent armies and navies. Historians have studied many key aspects of what some call the ‘‘military revolution’’, whose character and timing have become a matter of debate; but some important features of these emerging military communities remain largely unexplored. One subj...

We show that minimal SO(10) Grand Unification models where the fermions have Yukawa couplings to only one (complex) 10 and one 126 of Higgs scalars lead to a very predictive neutrino spectrum. This comes about since the standard model doublet contained in the 126 of Higgs (needed for the see–saw mechanism) receives an induced vacuum expectation value at tree–level, which, in addition to correct...

INTRODUCTION Other contributors to this collection have evoked the disparate worlds inhabited by Sir William Wilde. AIMS To provide an overall assessment of his career. MATERIALS AND METHODS Looking at the historical conditions that made possible such a career spanning such disparate worlds. Deploying methodologies developed by historians of medicine and sociologists of science, the article...

The Chronic Fatigue Service at East London NHS Foundation Trust recognised and coalesced around its major issue of engaging its service users. Using the systematic approach of quality improvement, and the infrastructure provided within East London NHS FT's quality improvement programme, it tested a number of change ideas which saw a significant reduction in non-attendance at appointments, an in...

sources in print and manuscript command respect. The final two chapters deal with Galvani's publication of his definitive views on animal electricity in 1791 and their reception. Stimulating here is Williams' view that Galvani thought about electricity in anatomical terms (although his model was the Leyden jar) whereas Volta, coming from a different direction, saw it quite otherwise. There are ...

Forty-five women participated in a variant of the social orienting paradigm employed in "Maternal Touch Predicts Attentional Bias Towards Faces in Young Children" (Reece, in press) [1]. On a given trial, they saw a mathematical equation and indicated whether this equation was true or false. Equations were superimposed on face or house distractors. A female experimenter sat next to the participa...

A few decades ago, it was not taken for granted that university staff should be formally and regularly assessed, except when they were candidates for promotion. Most universities saw this as a task that had to be done by peers, with other stakeholders seldom being included in this process. Senior colleagues assessed whether a young colleague was fit to move up in the academic ranks. His or her ...