The citizen is the “simple element of a polity”, as Aristotle once put it. Citizenship appears as a prolegomenon to other core questions concerning public policy and constitutionalism. In Europe today, we deal with a threefold concept of citizenship and we need to understand how it is built up in order to assess some recent trends in citizenship, third country national status and civic particip...

Abstract Active citizenship, critical digital global citizenship: just a few from the concepts that have shaped debate about citizenship in past decades. While these dominated both academic and public discourse had implications for education mature democracies, they often seem to be far away lived realities of many Eastern European new democracies. In countries, debates been burdened with legac...

Data flow based visual programming languages are an active area of research in visual programming languages. Some recent data flow visual programming languages have implemented higher order functions, allowing functions to be passed to/from functions. This paper describes a data flow visual programming language in which the first class citizenship of programs have been taken a step further, and...

Personal and collective experiences of Islamophobia have complex implications for Muslim communities affect individuals’ social positioning, identity, their (active) citizenship. While some...

The purpose of this chapter is to provide an updated, conceptually-based overview of the nomological network of the organizational citizenship behavior construct, with an emphasis on implications for future research. In doing so, we will use the OCB categorization framework based on the target of the behaviors, differentiating between citizenship targeted at the organization and citizenship tar...