During the climacteric period, several symptoms exist that motivate women to seek medical advice; one of the most common is the hot flush, which presents in 75%-85% of these during a variable time span. For the treatment of hot flush, several non-hormonal treatments exist; among them, veralipride has shown to be a useful treatment of vasomotor symptoms during the climacteric period. In recent t...

We argue that current discussions of criteria for actual causation are ill-posed in several respects. (1) The methodology of current discussions is by induction from intuitions about an infinitesimal fraction of the possible examples and counterexamples; (2) novel problem cases occur when more variables are considered; (3) as deployed in discussions of actual causation, “neuron diagrams” and ca...

Our purpose here is to focus attention on a development in computer science that has remarkable implications for the philosophy of mathematics. Bellantoni and Cook [BC] gave a purely syntactical characterization of polynomial-time computation. They indicate that their work was strongly influenced by previous work of Leivant, who subsequently [L] gave a more elegant form to the characterization,...

The necessity of supporting more and more social interaction (and not only the mere information sharing) in online environments is the disruptive force upon which phenomena ascribed to the Web2.0 paradigm continuously bud. People interacting in online sociotechnical environments mould technology on their needs, seamlessly integrating it into their everyday life. MUVEs (Multi User Virtual Enviro...

Four theories proposing determinate relations of actual causation for Boolean networks are described and applied to 16 cases. All four theories are founded on the idea that actual causation is based on results that appropriate experimental interventions would produce. They differ in their accounts of the relevant kinds of experimental interventions. The more complex theories are motivated by tr...

Background Bacterial meningitis still represents an important chapter in the present infectious pathology, despite the increasing progress in the prophylaxis and prevention measures. Apart from tuberculous etiology, and of course the well-known classical etiologies – meningococcal, pneumococcal, Haemophilus influenzae, staphylococcal and Gram-negative bacteria – new entities that need to be eva...

The core of ontology is disagreement over what there is, over whether there exist numbers, events, sets, physical objects, fusions, past and future objects, and so on. Skeptics say this disagreement is merely verbal since apparently disagreeing ontologists use ‘exists’ in different ways. Each theorist is right given her own use of ‘exists’; there is nothing to fight over. On one meaning for ‘ex...

In 1964 José Benardete invented the “New Zeno Paradox” about an infinity of gods trying to prevent a traveller from reaching his destination. In this paper it is argued, contra Priest and Yablo, that the paradox must be resolved by rejecting the possibility of actual infinity. Further, it is shown that this paradox has the same logical form as Yablo’s Paradox. It is suggested that constructivis...

Ecopa, the European Consensus Platform on alternatives, is an international not-for-profit organization, based in Belgium and complying with Belgium law. It is the only quadripartite organization at EU level, which is promoting the 3R-Alternatives at the European level. Ecopa brings together National Consensus Platforms on alternative methods. Consensus means that all parties concerned are repr...