acute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood (anec) is a specific type of encephalopathy. after viral infection, it  can be diagnosed by bilateral symmetrical lesions that are predominantly observed in thalami & brainstem of infants & children. although, it is commonly occurred in japanese and taiwanese population. the goal of this article is to report a rare case of anec in  north part of ira...

Background and Aim: Pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) is a serious disease. Advances in medical management intensive care have improved native survival recent years. We identified the etiology, outcome factors to predict these patients. Methods: This was retrospective study done from January 2020 December 2022 at referral Gastroenterology Hepatology centre North India. Children aged between ...

hashimoto's encephalopathy (he) is a rare condition characterized by atypical psychiatric and heterogeneous neurological manifestations such as acute cerebral ischemia, seizure, tremors, myoclonus, psychosis, depression, cognitive disorders, and fluctuating loss of consciousness. here, a case of 28 year-old man was reported who referred to the emergency department (ed) with different acute neur...

INTRODUCTION Serum concentrations of acetaminophen are measured to predict the risk of hepatotoxicity in cases of acetaminophen overdose and to identify acetaminophen use in patients with acute liver injury without a known cause. The acetaminophen concentration determines if treatment with N-acetyl cysteine, the antidote for acetaminophen poisoning, is warranted. DESCRIPTION A 49-year-old wom...

Background: Exchange transfusion (ET) for severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (SNH) is frequently undertaken in lowand middle-income countries (LMIC), in sharp contrast to the prevailing practice in high-income countries. However, the criteria for initiating this procedure in settings with limited resources for treating infants with SNH have not been systematically explored. Objective: To identi...

BACKGROUND Exchange transfusion (ET) for severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (SNH) is frequently undertaken in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), in sharp contrast to the prevailing practice in high-income countries. However, the criteria for initiating this procedure in settings with limited resources for treating infants with SNH have not been systematically explored. OBJECTIVE To iden...

PURPOSE To evaluate the difference in cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) in neonates with and without hyperbilirubinemia. METHODS CBFV of 70 healthy late-preterm and term newborns with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (UCH) reaching the threshold of phototherapy requirement was compared with 70 gestational- and postnatal age-matched controls without hyperbilirubinemia. Resistance index (RI), ...

Background: Exchange transfusion (ET) for severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (SNH) is frequently undertaken in lowand middle-income countries (LMIC), in sharp contrast to the prevailing practice in high-income countries. However, the criteria for initiating this procedure in settings with limited resources for treating infants with SNH have not been systematically explored. Objective: To identi...

Background: Exchange transfusion (ET) for severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (SNH) is frequently undertaken in lowand middle-income countries (LMIC), in sharp contrast to the prevailing practice in high-income countries. However, the criteria for initiating this procedure in settings with limited resources for treating infants with SNH have not been systematically explored. Objective: To identi...

background: delay in diagnosis and treatment of perforated appendicitis may cause life-threatening complications. the aim of this study was to determine and compare pre-operative total and direct bilirubin levels in cases of simple and perforated acute appendicitis in order to improve the clinical decision making.   methods: this prospective observational study included eighty patients who unde...