OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of chlorhexidine applications in various forms and concentrations on adhesion and failure modes of metal brackets in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ninety bovine enamel specimens were allocated to six groups (n=15). Metal brackets were bonded on all specimens after chlorhexidine pre-treatments forming the following groups: (1) untreated specimens (control); (2...

Transmission loss during irradiation remains the critical limitation for polymer pellicle materials at 157 nm. In this work we establish a framework for calculating the necessary pellicle lifetime as well as a test methodology for evaluating the laser durability of candidate polymer films. We examine the role of key extrinsic environmental variables in determining film lifetime. Oxygen concentr...

In this paper an interactive simulation system for teeth cleaning is presented. This simulation system offers assistance for optimizing design and manufacturing of new toothbrushes. Data acquisition and pre-processing techniques for the model generation are shown, an editor for modelling of the elastic behaviour of the toothbrushes parts is presented and the mathematical method for modelling of...

Web usage mining is a type of web mining, which exploits data mining techniques to extract required information from navigational behaviour of WWW users. Hence the data must be preprocessed to improve the efficiency and ease of the mining process. So it is important to pre-process before applying data mining techniques to discover user access patterns from web logs. The main task of data pre-pr...

OBJECTIVE To determine the pattern of use and re-use of orthodontic molar bands, and examine infection control measures in a sample of UK orthodontists. DESIGN Questionnaire survey. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Questionnaires were sent to 204 individuals selected at random from the UK Specialist Orthodontist list. Follow-up questionnaires were sent to those that had not replied within 8 weeks. An o...

cotton/polyester knitted fabrics as a major production of textile industry was treated with titanium dioxide nanosized particles. the treated fabric with nanosized tio2 became whiter with a good self-cleaning property. also the discoloration of reactive black 5 dye was studied and reported. the stabilization of tio2 on cotton/polyester knitted fabrics by citric acid (ca) with sodium hypophospha...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cleaning procedures for air-abraded zirconia after contamination with two silicone disclosing agents. Air-abraded zirconia ceramic specimens (IPS e.max ZirCAD) were contaminated with either GC Fit Checker white or GC Fit Checker II. Untreated zirconia specimens were used as control. Afterwards the surfaces were cleaned either with water...

OBJECTIVES The most efficient approach to monitoring and improving cleaning outcomes remains unresolved. We sought to extend the findings of a previous study by determining whether cleaning thoroughness (dye removal) correlates with cleaning efficacy (absence of molecular or cultivable biomaterial) and whether one brief educational intervention improves cleaning outcomes. DESIGN Before-after ...