Goal-directed behavior requires the continuous monitoring and dynamic adjustment of ongoing actions. Here, we report a direct coupling between the event-related electroencephalogram (EEG), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and behavioral measures of performance monitoring in humans. By applying independent component analysis to EEG signals recorded simultaneously with fMRI, we found...

Age related macular degeneration (AMD) signs may be found reliably in monkeys (Macaca mulatta) bred selectively in Florida after 14 generations of inbreeding in a closed colony at the University of Puerto Rico. Progression, ultrastructure and functional losses are parallel to those found in humans.

Two studies were conducted to determine the relative importance ofprocessing speed and knowledge as predictors of performance in simple verbal tasks within samples of young and old adults. Eight diJferent criterion tasks weie investigaled, and performance on each was found to be significantly related both to speed of processing and to quantity of word knowledge. It was also discovered that alth...

(n = 704 066). Cumulative proportions for the total number of sectors and the total population contained within those sectors were also calculated. On the basis of these results, if 20% of the most deprived sectors in Scotland (1 205 833/4 998 202 (24%) of the population) were targeted, 41% of unemployed people and 34% of low income households would be “captured” (figure). By targeting 254 post...

[This corrects the article on p. 357 in vol. 11, PMID: 27069359.].

Mental-age-matched normal and retarded subjects at mental-age (MA) levels 5.5, 7.5, and 9.5 years received blank-trial discrimination problems designed to expose hypothesis behavior. There was evidence that subjects at all MA levels used hypotheses. Use of feedback indicating that a response was wrong increased significantly with MA, while use of feedback indicating that a response was right in...

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Alcohol is known to impair self-regulatory control of behavior, though mechanisms for this effect remain unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that alcohol's reduction of negative affect (NA) is a key mechanism for such impairment. This hypothesis was tested by measuring the amplitude of the error-related negativity (ERN), a component of the event-related brain potential (ERP) posited to refl...