The practice of Egyptian psychiatrists emigrating to high-income countries is not a recent phenomenon. Egyptian doctors have long travelled in search of training and education and to better their standards of living. The debate continues. What effective measures can be taken to reduce the brain drain, or at least its effect on Egyptian mental health services?

Samples of suspended, floodplain and channel bed sediment have been used to examine downstream changes in ediment-associated contaminant transport and storage in contrasting rivers in Yorkshire, UK. The concentrations of hosphorus, chromium and selected PCBs associated with sediment in the River Aire and its main tributary, the River Calder, which drain an urbanized and industrialized catchment...

This study was designed to calibrate and evaluate the subsurface drain flow component of the Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM; Version 2.5) for four tillage-systems: chisel plow (CP), moldboard plow (MB), no-tillage (NT), and ridge-tillage (RT). Measured subsurface drain flow data for 1990 was used for model calibration. Main parameters calibrated were lateral saturated hydraulic conductivi...

INTRODUCTION Though surgical drainage is used as a safety measure, it's not without complications. Migration of various drains has been described, but very little literature refers to the migration of peritoneal drain. PRESENTATION OF CASE A 55-year male underwent anterior Gastro-Jejunostomy for inoperable metastatic carcinoma of the Gastric Pylorus. We found the peritoneal drain missing on t...

Introduction: Regarding cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis, there is still debate regarding drain insertion. The aim of the present study was to detect if there is a beneficial added value to drain the abdomen in case of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis. Patients and Methods: A total of 120 patients diagnosed having acute cholecystitis were enrolled to this study and we...

background developing controlled hypercarbia is a known scheme of lowering the suprasellar part of the adenoma in order to assist the surgeon, which acts through raising the icp and therefore the csf pressure. objectives the purpose of this study is to compare the effect of introducing a lumbar drain with that of controlled hypercapnia on the quality of transsphenoidal pituitary tumor resection...

Tillage may in ̄uence nitrate losses from agricultural soils. Losses of nitrate were measured in drain ̄ow at 60 cm depth and in combined surface runoff and inter ̄ow in the A horizon (ˆsurface layer ̄ow) on hydrologically sealed plots with a two-year comparison (1988±1990) of shallow-tine cultivation vs. mouldboard ploughing. Ploughing increased concentrations and loadings of nitrate in drain ̄ow ...