We examined interrelationships between crop load, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) uptake, and root growth in mature, alternate-bearing pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) trees. Pistachio trees bear heavy (on-year) and light (off-year) fruit crops in alternate years. Uptake and partitioning of N, P, and K among tree parts were determined during (a) spring flush (mid-March to late May),...

according to amount of oil seeds import in iran are more than 80% of domestic needs, in this study, import comparative advantage in soybeans using rca and rsca index is calculated in 1961-2008 periods for iran and ten important importer countries. iran’s competition state is investigated. also long run relation between production and import comparative advantage index is estimated using johanse...

one of the import indices of food security evaluation is food import capacity index. ratio of total exports to food imports is often thought to be a measure of the capacity of a country to finance its food imports using revenues from exports of goods and services. this study investigates food import capacity effects on rural households food security by calculated ahfci (aggregate household food...

Nutrients are transported all over the world through fertilizer imports, exports of agricultural commodities, massive erosion in some places and gross volatilization and leaching in high-input/high-output agricultural systems. In other words, more or less balanced natural ecosystems have turned into highly unbalanced agricultural systems. Figure 20.1 shows the inputs and outputs that make up th...

Czech economy went in last two decades through two important changes. The first of the changes was transition of central planned economy to market economy. Since this moment the Czech economy has been confronted with products from the entire world. The second important change was the EU entrance in 2004. Although in the period 2007–2013 one of the priorities of the European Commission was suppo...