the natural ventilation is an easy way to exchange the indoor polluted warm air with outdoor fresh air. the wind power injects outdoor fresh air into the building. a good indoor air current and subsequently a proper exhaust depend on the openings’ conditions and their situations. a serious architectural question is under what conditions of the openings the wind-cross ventilation can be effectiv...

Three population groups (two of them consisting of school-going children) with a low content of fluoride in the drinking water have been used to investigate parameters influencing fluoride excretion. For the population living in an area contaminated by F-air pollution, there was no significant effect of age or sex from 3 to 17 years. For the population living in a non-contaminated area, there i...

background: creating a socket with proper fit is an important factor to ensure the comfort and control of prosthetic devices. several techniques are commonly used to cast transtibial stumps but their effect on stump shape deformation is not well understood. this study compares the dimensions, circumferences and volumes of the positive casts and also the socket comfort between two casting method...

thermal modeling of an automotive cabin was performed in this paper to predict the inside cabin air temperature. to implement this task, thermal and ventilation loads were estimated and the mass and energy balance conservation equations for dry air and water vapor with considering a new parameter (air circulation ratio) as well as the balance equations of internal components of a cabin were der...

The study of two-phase fluid flow behavior in hydraulic structures such as pressurized flow tunnels, culverts, sewer pipes, junctions and other similar conduits is of great importance. A two-phase mixture flowing in a pipe can exhibit several interfacial geometries such as bubbles, slugs or films, depending on the fluid and hydrodynamic properties of flow. The main variables, giving rise to a v...

The study of two-phase fluid flow behavior in hydraulic structures such as pressurized flow tunnels, culverts, sewer pipes, junctions and other similar conduits is of great importance. A two-phase mixture flowing in a pipe can exhibit several interfacial geometries such as bubbles, slugs or films, depending on the fluid and hydrodynamic properties of flow. The main variables, giving rise to a v...

The aim of the present research is to simulate the heat treatment process of the autogenous grinding (AG) shell liner of Cr-Mo steel in different quenching media (still air, air blowing, oil and water) using ABAQUS software, in order to calculate the cooling curves. In this regard, the microstructure and hardness for each arbitrary point within the mill liner's bulk could be predicted based on ...

geosmin and mib are the common factors causing odor in the water. water treatment plants usually employ the conventional processes such as aeration, coagulation, flocculation, chlorination or ozonation and adsorption as preventive measures to reduce water odor. but each of these processes alone cannot completely remove the smell. the smell of fish, grass and mud greatly depends on the excessive...