In order to prevent corrosion, aluminum nanoparticles were coated with a polyurethane polymer. The coverage of the polyurethane polymer was controlled from 0 to 100%, which changed the corrosion rate of the nanoparticles quantitatively. The surface of the polymer coating was investigated by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and the corrosion resistance of...

A microphone is a transducer that converts acoustic energy into electrical energy. Microphones are widely used in voice communications devices, hearing aids, surveillance and military aims, ultrasonic and acoustic distinction under water, and noise and vibration control (Ma et al. 2002). Micromachining technology has been used to design and fabricate various silicon microphones. Among them, the...

The presence of the delamination causes reductions in the bending stiffness which in turn leads to the undesirable loss in the compressive buckling and post-buckling strength. Thus, it is of chief importance to investigate the compressive behavior of composites with delaminations. Anastasiadis et al. analyzed the buckling and postbuckling behavior of delaminated composite laminates with a throu...

FSW material flow and phase transformation were studied at the interface of dissimilar welding of Al 6013 to Mg. Defect free butt weld was obtained when aluminum and magnesium test plates were placed in the advancing side and retreating side respectively, and the tool was placed 1 mm off the weld centerline into the aluminum side. In order to understand how the materials flow during FSW, steel ...

The mammalian nervous system is extremely complex, consisting of many thousands of distinct neuronal cell types, any one of which may require multiple cell interactions to generate a functional circuit. The elaboration of this circuitry is dependent in no small part on the logic of the developmental program that ensures that appropriate cell types are generated at specific positions in the brai...

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The Spemann organizer can be subdivided into head- and trunk-inducing tissues along the anteroposterior axis (Mangold, 1933. Naturwiisenschaften 43, 761-766; Spemann, 1931. Wilhelm Roux Arch. Entwicklungsmech. Org. 123, 389-517). Recent studies have suggested that head formation is brought about by repression of both Wnt and BMP signalling (Glinka et al., 1998. Nature 391, 357-362; Glinka et al...

Neurulation is the process by which progenitors of the central nervous system are shaped, separated from and brought beneath the epidermis. The cellular basis of these movements have been investigated in amphibians (Jacobson, 1981; Jacobson and Gordon, 1976; Keller et al., 1992b), chicken (Schoenwolf and Smith, 1990b; Smith and Schoenwolf, 1997) and mice (Bush et al., 1990; Sausedo and Schoenwo...

Capacitors are important components in many integrated circuits. They serve numerous roles in analog and mixed signal circuits, including switched capacitor filters and sampleand-hold circuits. In addition, capacitors provide a vital role in the decoupling of microprocessors, digital signal processors, and microcontrollers from power supply variations. Traditional integrated circuit capacitors ...