The meadow spittlebug, Philaenus spumarius L. (Hemiptera, Aphrophoridae) is a commonly found vector of Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al. (1987) strain subspecies pauca associated with the "Olive Quick Decline Syndrome" in Italy. To contribute to the knowledge of the adult P. spumarius chemoreceptivity, electroantennographic (EAG) responses of both sexes to 50 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) inc...

The sixth author’s name is spelled incorrectly in the citation for the published article. The correct name is: Kuang Fei Lin. The correct citation is: Lu Q, Luo QS, Li H, Liu YD, Gu JD, Lin KF (2015) Characterization of Chlorinated Aliphatic Hydrocarbons and Environmental Variables in a Shallow Groundwater in Shanghai Using Kriging Interpolation and Multifactorial Analysis. PLoS ONE 10(11): e01...

We show that it is possible to obtain fragment-free mass spectra of large molecules by a combination of laser desorption, jet cooling, and VUV single-photon photoionization. The ability to obtain parent molecular masses is particularly important for the analysis of mixtures, such as combinations of fully saturated hydrocarbons. By varying the cooling conditions, we can also achieve partial frag...

Methanogenic degradation of crude oil in subsurface sediments occurs slowly, but without the need for exogenous electron acceptors, is sustained for long periods and has enormous economic and environmental consequences. Here we show that volatile hydrocarbons are inhibitory to methanogenic oil biodegradation by comparing degradation of an artificially weathered crude oil with volatile hydrocarb...

The aliphatic hydrocarbons play an increasing role as solvents in different industries and the appraisal of the hazards connected with their use offers considerable difficulties because most of these solvents represent mixtures, sometimes of heterogeneous nature, and because their composition is frequently only incompletely known. In order to evaluate the potential dangers of such mixtures it i...

We designed and studied hydrocarbon model compounds by high-resolution noncontact atomic force microscopy. In addition to planar polycyclic aromatic moieties, these novel model compounds feature linear alkyl and cycloaliphatic motifs that exist in most hydrocarbon resources - particularly in petroleum asphaltenes and other petroleum fractions - or in lipids in biological samples. We demonstrate...

A novel direct transformation of aliphatic terminal alkynes to alkenyl nitriles through the incorporation of a nitrogen atom into the simple hydrocarbons has been reported. The usage of inexpensive copper catalyst, O2 as the sole oxidant, broad substrate scope as well as feasibility for “late-stage modification” make this protocol very promising. Mechanistic studies including DFT calculation de...

Volatile organic compounds (VOC) are emitted during the combustion process. They originate from the organic components of fossil fuels, or are formed during the combustion process. For example, the addition of smaller aliphatic compounds, cyclization, and transformation into aromatic hydrocarbons leads to polycyclic aromatic compound (PAH) formation. Some PAHs are known to be carcinogenic. The ...

Approximately 100 billion aluminum cans are produced annually, mainly for the beverage industry. Early technologies for decorating the cans often used solvent-based coatings containing solvents at concentrations of -70% to 75% by volume (Randall 1992). The solvent composition was typically a mixture of aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatics, ethers, cellosolves, and acetates. Unfortunately, this met...

The investment and annual costs for a separation of aromatic hydrocarbons from a naphtha feed (~10 % aromatics) can be 35 to 70 % lower for an extraction with ionic liquids compared to an extraction with sulfolane. Aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene and xylenes) and C4 C10 aliphatic hydrocarbons are normally separated by liquid extraction, extractive distillation or azeotrop...