The most commonly encountered plant-parasitic nematodes in eastern Washington Vitis vinifera vineyards are Meloidogyne hapla, Mesocriconema xenoplax, Pratylenchus spp., Xiphinema americanum, and Paratylenchus sp.; however, little is known about their distribution in the soil profile. The vertical and horizontal spatial distribution of plant-parasitic nematodes was determined in two Washington V...

Mycorrhizal colonization and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were analyzed in a calcareous grassland with residual phosphate contamination 10 years after the closure of a pollutant fertilizer plant in Thuringia (Germany). AMF were detected in 21 of 22 plant species analyzed. Mean mycorrhization levels reached up to 74.5% root length colonized. AMF diversity was analyzed based on...

BACKGROUND Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are known for their beneficial effects on plants. However, there is increasing evidence that some ruderal plants, including several agricultural weeds, respond negatively to AMF colonization. Here, we investigated the effect of AMF on the growth of individual weed species and on weed-crop interactions. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS First, under c...

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is grown on over 8 million ha in Brazil and is used to produce ethanol and sugar. Some sugarcane fields are burned to facilitate harvesting, which can affect the soil microbial community. However, whether sugarcane pre-harvest burning affects the community of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and symbioses development is not known. In this study, we investigated the ...

The aim of this work was to evaluate the inoculation effect of two new endophytic diazotrophic bacteria and the interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and these bacteria on wheat plants. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse with the two strains of diazotrophic bacteria, IAC11HT (Achromobacter insolitus) and IAC12HT (Zoogloea ramigera), and two AMF (Glomus sp. and Acaul...

Naturally, simultaneous interactions occurred among plants, herbivores, and soil biota, that is, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), nematodes, and fungal pathogens. These multiple interactions play fundamental roles in driving process, structure, and functioning of ecosystems. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis with 144 papers to investigate the interactions between AMF and plant biot...

Symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been shown to influence both the diversity and productivity of grassland plant communities. These effects have been postulated to depend on the differential effects of individual mycorrhizal taxa on different plant species; however, so far there are few detailed studies of the dynamics of AMF colonization of different plant species. In this stud...

The study of fungal-bacterial interactions in soils is not only interesting from a basic point of view but has also yielded findings of societal and economical relevance, such as in the application of biological controls of plant diseases. This study evaluated the effect of Tsukamurella paurometabola C 924, a bacterium with nematocidal action isolated from banana rhizosphere, as single inoculan...

A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of carbon amendments, tillage, and cover cropping on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) association root architecture at Farm Services Texas A&M University. Three levels amendments rate 500 kg C ha−1 (biochar, composted biosolid, control (no amendment)), two tillage (conventional disking (CT) no (NT)), crop (a mixture oat, mustard, pea (...

Roots of most terrestrial plants form symbiotic associations (mycorrhiza) with soil- borne arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Many studies show that mycorrhizal colonization enhances plant resistance against pathogenic fungi. However, the mechanism of mycorrhiza-induced disease resistance remains equivocal. In this study, we found that mycorrhizal inoculation with AMF Funneliformis mosseae sig...