This study examined the effects of long-term frozen storage (-20 °C for 5 months) of free amino acids (FAAs) and nucleotide-related compounds (NRCs) in muscle and hepatopancreas of the coconut crab Birgus latro. Although long-term frozen storage had little effect on FAA composition in muscle, the amounts of several FAAs increased in the hepatopancreas that may be the result of protein decom...

Faster growing and more virulent strains of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are increasingly displacing highly resistant MRSA. Elevated fitness in these MRSA is often accompanied by decreased and heterogeneous levels of methicillin resistance; however, the mechanisms for this phenomenon are not yet fully understood. Whole genome sequencing was used to investigate the genetic ...

Amphetamine (Amp) increases exercise duration. It is thought to do so by masking fatigue, but there have been very few studies looking at the effect of amphetamine on VO2MAX and running economy. Furthermore, it is unknown if amphetamine's effect on exercise duration occurs in a warm environment. We conducted separate experiments in male Sprague-Dawley rats testing the effect of amphetamine on m...

We found previously that acute phase protein orosomucoid reacts to fatigue and activates C-C chemokine receptor type 5 to increase muscle glycogen storage and enhance muscle endurance (Lei et al., 2016). To explore the underlying molecular mechanisms, we investigated the role of AMP-activated protein kinase, a critical fuel sensor in skeletal muscle, in C-C chemokine receptor type 5-mediated or...

The C-subunit of type II cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase from bovine heart was labelled with the fluorophore fluorescamine (FAM). The association of the dye-labelled subunit (CFAM) with the R-subunit isolated from the same source was monitored by fluorescence polarization spectroscopy. The stoichiometry of C to R in the final complex was close to 1:1. The affinity of the two subunits could ...

The level of cyclic AMP in primary cultures of bovine adrenal medulla cells is elevated by prostaglandin E1. Angiotensin II is commonly reported to act on receptors linked to phosphoinositide metabolism or to inhibition of adenylate cyclase. We have investigated the effect of angiotensin II on prostaglandin E1-stimulated cyclic AMP levels in these primary cultures. Rather than reducing cyclic A...

Abstract. Emissions of the potent greenhouse gas perfluorocyclobutane (c-C4F8, PFC-318, octafluorocyclobutane) into global atmosphere inferred from atmospheric measurements have been increasing sharply since early 2000s. We find that these emissions are highly correlated with production hydrochlorofluorocarbon-22 (HCFC-22, CHClF2) for feedstock (FS) uses, because almost all HCFC-22 FS is pyroly...

UNLABELLED STING (stimulator of interferon [IFN] genes) initiates type I IFN responses in mammalian cells through the detection of microbial nucleic acids. The membrane-bound obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis induces a STING-dependent type I IFN response in infected cells, yet the IFN-inducing ligand remains unknown. In this report, we provide evidence that Chlamydia synthe...

Clinical observations and experimental studies suggested that the relative proportions of ganglionic neuronal intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (c-AMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (c-GMP) concentrations may influence the state or activity of herpes simplex viral DNA in its relationship with the host cell DNA. We studied the effects of putative modulators of intracellular cycli...