3H-labeled 35S RNA from avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV), Rous associated virus (RAV)-0, RAV-60, RAV-61, RAV-2, or B-77(w) was hybridized with an excess of cellular DNA from different avian species, i.e., normal or leukemic chickens, normal pheasants, turkeys, Japanese quails, or ducks. Approximately two to three copies of endogenous viral DNA were estimated to be present per diploid of normal ...

Previous results using a SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment)-based approach that selected DNA primer-template duplexes binding with high affinity to HIV reverse transcriptase (RT) showed that primers mimicking the 3' end, and in particular the six nt terminal G tract, of the RNA polypurine tract (PPT; HIV PPT: 5'-AAAAGAAAAGGGGGG-3') were preferentially selected. In...

The genus Anaplasma consists of tick-transmitted obligate intracellular bacteria that invade white or red blood cells to cause debilitating and potentially fatal infections. A. phagocytophilum, a human and veterinary pathogen, infects neutrophils to cause granulocytic anaplasmosis. A. marginale invades bovine erythrocytes. Evidence suggests that both species may also infect endothelial cells in...

Previous reports described the induction of avian renal neoplasms by leukosis virus strains BAI A [avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV)] and MC29, and illustrated morphological characteristics of the tumors. Continued studies in this work confirm evidence of the origin of the tumors from embryonal cells residual in the posthatched chick. The work further emphasizes differences in histopathology of ...

[1] Atlantic Multi‐decadal Variability (AMV), also known as the Atlantic Multi‐decadal Oscillation (AMO), is characterized by a sharp rise and fall of the North Atlantic basin‐wide sea surface temperatures (SST) on multi‐decadal time scales. Widespread consequences of these rapid temperature swings were noted in many previous studies. Among these are the drying of Sahel in the 1960–70s and chan...

Vertigo can be a major presentation of posterior circulation stroke and can be easily misdiagnosed because of its complicated presentation. We thus prospectively assessed the predictive value of vertebral artery extracranial color-coded duplex sonography (ECCS) for the prediction of ischemic stroke-related vertigo. The inclusion criteria were: (1) a sensation of whirling (vertigo); (2) intracta...

Reliability methods are probabilistic algorithms for quantifying the effect of uncertainties in simulation input on response metrics of interest. In particular, they compute response function distribution statistics (probability, reliability, and response levels) based on specified probability distributions for input random variables. Thus, these reliability methods provide a capability for unc...

Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) and ilarvirus RNAs are infectious only in the presence of the viral coat protein; therefore, an understanding of coat protein's function is important for defining viral replication mechanisms. Based on in vitro replication experiments, the conformational switch model states that AMV coat protein blocks minus-strand RNA synthesis (R. C. Olsthoorn, S. Mertens, F. T. Bre...

In order to assess the occurrence, distribution and importance of viral diseases of mungbean and mashbean crops in Punjab, Pakistan, an extensive survey was conducted during summer season of 2004. The symptomatic plant samples were collected from farmer’s fields and experimental plots at research stations and tested by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) to detect and identify viruses inf...