BACKGROUND Defining the optimal cutting plane for derotational osteotomy at the distal femur for correction of torsion in cases of patellofemoral instability is still challenging. This preliminary study investigates changes of frontal alignment by a simplified trigonometrical model and demonstrates a surgical guidance technique with the use of femur cadavers. The hypothesis was that regardless ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Supine computed tomography scanogram (CTS) is a commonly used alternative to weight bearing long leg plain radiograph (LLR) in measuring knee alignment. No published studies have validated its use in the native knee and the post-unicompartmental replacement knee (UKR). We quantified the difference in measurements obtained from CTS and LLR for knee alignment. PATIENTS AN...

INTRODUCTION Cryoballoon (CB) pulmonary vein isolation (CB-PVI) for the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) has been demonstrated to be safe and reliable. Preprocedural patient selection to address the high variability in pulmonary vein (PV) anatomy may improve the acute and chronic success of CB-PVI. The purpose of this study was to identify anatomical predictors for CB-PVI failur...

ion axis Concepts/ ontology axis Experiments/ documentation/ evidence axis Figure 3.12 Abstraction, evidence, and concepts coordinates. cept can have several experimental results or evidences related to it. For example, we may define five different levels (molecule, cell, tissue, organ, and system) for human anatomical data, and each data source can be classified into a certain level. Figure 3....

Following the acceptance for publication of the article by Hazlewood et al. in a recent issue of Gait & Posture we were invited by the Editor in Chief to comment on the challenging issue of measuring tibial torsion [1]. Tibial torsion describes the axial or transverse plane alignment of the shank segment of the lower extremity. In utero, lower extremity limb bud formation occurs during the 4th ...

As a structure involved in learning and memory, the hippocampus functions as a network. The functional differentiation along the longitudinal axis of the hippocampus is poorly demarcated in comparison with the transverse axis. Using patch clamp recordings in conjunction with post hoc anatomy, we have examined the pattern of connectivity and the functional differentiation along the long axis of ...

We present an interactive algorithm to segment the heart chambers and epicardial surfaces, including the great vessel walls, in pediatric cardiac MRI of congenital heart disease. Accurate whole-heart segmentation is necessary to create patient-specific 3D heart models for surgical planning in the presence of complex heart defects. Anatomical variability due to congenital defects precludes fully...

1. The Wallerian degeneration occurring in peripheral nerves by incubation in Ringer solution and serum does not occur in plasma. 2. Peripheral nerves incubated in plasma give rise to no growth. The same is true of peripheral nerves in a Wallerian degeneration up to the 4th day. 3. Peripheral nerves in Wallerian degeneration from the 5th day give rise to a growth of the syncytium of Schwann. In...

Investigation of the hippocampus has historically focused on computations within the trisynaptic circuit. However, discovery of important anatomical and functional variability along its long axis has inspired recent proposals of long-axis functional specialization in both the animal and human literatures. Here, we review and evaluate these proposals. We suggest that various long-axis specializa...