MOTIVATION Lateral gene transfer is a major mechanism contributing to bacterial genome dynamics and pathovar emergence via pathogenicity island (PAI) spreading. However, since few of these genomic exchanges are experimentally reproducible, it is difficult to establish evolutionary scenarios for the successive PAI transmissions between bacterial genera. Methods initially developed at the gene an...

The paper presents some interpretation mechanisms, in the field of ancient landscape reconstruction. The goal will be the identification of adequate tools, already available or under development in the next future, which should help the interpretation process of ancient landscape. Different type of spatial data integration (raster spatial coverages, 3d models, vectors) will be also analysed. An...

according to several reports, in spite of huge investment on customer relationship management (crm), risk of implementing such projects is high. one of failure factors is having no method to assess crm success comprehensively. nowadays, classic financial methods are common ways for assessing marketing and crm initiatives. but, the mentioned models are unsuitable to assess investments like crm t...