Introduction The number of micro scale applications of metals is growing rapidly. Progressive miniaturization has become a decisive characteristic of developments in electronic devices (Figure 1) or electronically controlled mechanical systems. Along with the miniaturization so-called size effects occur in sheet metal manufacturing processes. These effects are assumed to be caused by changes in...

Received Jan 5, 2018 Revised Mar 3, 2018 Accepted Mar 20, 2018 This paper proposed three modified Wilkinson power dividers in order to achieve a size reduction and a wide bandwidth. The first structure presented the power divider using compact folded step impedance transmission lines rather than the uniform microstrip line design for operating center frequency of 3 GHz. The second structure sho...

Extensive studies of vertebrates have shown that brain size scales to body size following power law functions. Most animals are substantially smaller than vertebrates, and extremely small animals face significant challenges relating to nervous system design and function, yet little is known about their brain allometry. Within a well-defined monophyletic taxon, Formicidae (ants), we analyzed how...

This paper presents an exact design technique to obtain formulas for compact quadrature hybrid coupler. We minimize the physical size based on even-and odd mode analysis. The proposed structure is relatively simple as the coupler can be fabricated on a single-layer printed circuit board. After finishing the design, full prototype of proposed coupler is fabricated and tested to validate the desi...