BACKGROUND Recent evidence associates prostate cancer with high cholesterol levels, with cholesterol being an important raw material for cell-growth. Within the cell, cholesterol homeostasis is maintained by two master transcription factors: sterol-regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP-2) and liver X receptor (LXR). We previously showed that the androgen receptor, a major player in prosta...

Aim—To investigate the correlation between immunohistochemical and biochemical steroid receptor analyses by measurement of oestrogen, progesterone, and androgen receptor status in ovarian neoplasia. Methods—Tissue samples were obtained from 27 ovarian neoplasms, including two borderline tumours. Immunohistochemical staining of the tissue slides was scored semiquantitatively, incorporating the i...

Prostatic adenocarcinomas depend on androgen for growth and survival. First line treatment of disseminated disease exploits this dependence by specifically targeting androgen receptor function. Clinical evidence has shown that androgen receptor is reactivated in recurrent tumors despite the continuance of androgen deprivation therapy. Several factors have been shown to restore androgen receptor...

Emerging preclinical findings have indicated that steroid hormone receptor signaling plays an important role in bladder cancer outgrowth. In particular, androgen-mediated androgen receptor signals have been shown to correlate with the promotion of tumor development and progression, which may clearly explain some sex-specific differences in bladder cancer. This review summarizes and discusses th...

In search of potential androgen receptor coregulators we performed a yeast two-hybrid screening using the androgen receptor ligand-binding domain as bait and a human prostate cDNA library as prey and found that the carboxy-terminal domain of retinoblastoma-associated Krüppel protein (RbaK), a member of the Krüppel zinc finger protein family, interacts in a ligand-dependent way with the ligand-b...

• Objective: To review therapeutics for castrationresistant prostate cancer (CRPC). • Methods: Literature review. • Results: Targeting of androgen-dependent pathways in CRPC post-chemotherapy has been shown to improve survival with the lyase inhibitor abiraterone and lead to PSA and objective responses with an androgen receptor antagonist (MDV3100). However, the addition of bevacizumab to docet...

AIM To investigate the correlation between immunohistochemical and biochemical steroid receptor analyses by measurement of oestrogen, progesterone, and androgen receptor status in ovarian neoplasia. METHODS Tissue samples were obtained from 27 ovarian neoplasms, including two borderline tumours. Immunohistochemical staining of the tissue slides was scored semiquantitatively, incorporating the...

Triple negative breast cancers are a heterogeneous group of tumors characterized by poor patient survival and lack of targeted therapeutics. Androgen receptor has been associated with triple negative breast cancer pathogenesis, but its role in the different subtypes has not been clearly defined. We examined androgen receptor protein expression by immunohistochemical analysis in 678 breast cance...

X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a rare form of motor neuron degeneration linked to a CAG repeat expansion in the first exon of the androgen receptor gene coding for a polyglutamine tract. In order to investigate the properties of the SBMA androgen receptor in neuronal cells, cDNAs coding for a wild-type (19 CAG repeats) and a SBMA mutant androgen receptor (52 CAG repeats) ...

Androgen receptor mediated signaling drives prostate cancer cell growth and survival. Mutations within the receptor occur infrequently in prostate cancer prior to hormonal therapy but become prevalent in incurable androgen independent and metastatic tumors. Despite the determining role played by the androgen receptor in all stages of prostate cancer progression, there is a conspicuous dearth of...