To gain a better understanding of the anatomy of doubly committed subarterial defects and its relation to findings at cross sectional echocardiography and angiocardiography, eight necropsy specimens from patients with this condition were examined, and preoperative echocardiograms and angiocardiograms from 313 patients with surgically or necropsy confirmed outlet defect were reviewed. Of these, ...

THE RADIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS of cardiac valvar insufficiency includes the description and identification of the insufficient valve or valves and their supportive structures, quantitation of the regurgitant flow, determination of the degree of myocardial functional deterioration that may be present, and detection of associated cardiac lesions. Cardiac catheterization with selective angiocardiograp...

CONGENITAL CARDIAC DEFECTS are a major cause of death in the newborn. Fifteen to 20% of infants born with congenital heart disease succumb in the first week of life,1' 2 a period when clinical diagnosis is most difficult. Although prognosis is poor, some of these severely distressed infants can be saved if early diagnosis is followed by prompt palliative or curative operation. Lambert and assoc...

Two children with unobstructed total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage and hyperkinetic pulmonary hypertension deteriorated with pulmonary oedema and cerebral symptoms following angiocardiography using large amounts of contrast medium. One patient died. The dangers of this with resultant hypernatraemia are discussed.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm to right cardiac chambers is an uncommon lesion in Western countries. The prognosis is usually serious unless the condition is promptly treated surgically. For this reason an accurate anatomical and functional evaluation is necessary. The main purpose of this report is to compare the usefulness of multiplane transesophageal echocar...