In the rat, angiotensin II receptors of the adrenal glomerulosa and smooth muscle undergo reciprocal regulatory changes that parallel the changes in target cell sensitivity to angiotensin II during altered sodium intake. In primates, the relative importance of angiotensin II receptor regulation during sodium-induced changes in angiotensin II sensitivity is not clear. To evaluate the role of ang...

Interaction between angiotensin II, which binds a G-protein-coupled receptor, and insulin, a ligand for receptor tyrosine kinase, was examined in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells. Augmented protein translation by insulin involves activation of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) which follows the release of the factor from a heterodimeric complex by phosphorylation of its binding pro...

Angiotensin II levels are elevated in patients with acute severe asthma. In addition, intravenous angiotensin II causes bronchoconstriction in mild asthmatic patients. In the present study, we examined the effects of this hormone on bronchi in vitro and its interaction with the cholinergic agonist methacholine both in vivo and in vitro. Contractions of rings of human bronchi were measured isome...

The present studies were designed to evaluate the physiological significance of angiotensin II in the control of vasopressin secretion in conscious dogs. They demonstrated that exogenous angiotensin II (10 ng/kg per min) increased vasopressin secretion more when the pressor effect of angiotensin II was abolished. The fact that endogenous angiotensin II levels are normally increased without an i...

Aldosterone responses to angiotensin II were evaluated in normal subjects in 3 conditions, (1) with suppression of neither ACTH secretion nor angiotensin II, (2) with suppression of ACTH by dexamethasone, and (3) with suppression of both ACTH and angiotensin II by combined administration of dexamethasone and captopril. Baseline levels of plasma aldosterone were significantly lowered by administ...

BACKGROUND Ren-2 transgenic hypertensive rats develop malignant hypertensive nephrosclerosis despite low to normal plasma angiotensin II and suppressed renal renin. We tested the hypothesis that local angiotensin II formation occurs at sites of renal vascular and interstitial injury in this model. METHODS Heterozygous Ren-2 transgenic rats were compared with normotensive Sprague-Dawley-Hannov...

BACKGROUND The significance of brain angiotensin II in Alzheimer disease (AD) is unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS To examine the role of brain angiotensin II in AD, intracerebroventricular angiotensin II infusion was performed on 5XFAD mice, a mouse model of AD, and wild-type mice, and the detrimental effects of brain angiotensin II was compared between the 2 strains of mice. Intracerebroventricu...

The mechanism of renal handling of angiotensin II was studied in vivo in the renal circulation of the intact anesthetized dog and in vitro in whole blood using C-5-Ile-angiotensin II, J-Asp-^I-angiotensin II, and d-Asp-I-angiotensin II. Seventy-five percent of a 600-pmole bolus of C-angiotensin II was degraded in a single passage through the kidney as measured by radioactive tracer and radioimm...

The present study investigated the effect of the anion accompanying sodium on the development of angiotensin II-induced hypertension in rats and the role of the sympathetic nervous system and extracellular fluid volume in its mechanism. Hypertension was induced by intraperitoneal infusion of angiotensin II (125 ng/min) for 12 days via miniosmotic pump. High dietary intake of sodium chloride sig...

NaCl reabsorption in the medullary thick ascending limb of Henle (MTALH) contributes to NaCl balance and is also responsible for the creation of medullary interstitial hypertonicity. Despite the presence of angiotensin II subtype 1 (AT(1)) receptors in both the luminal and the basolateral plasma membranes of MTALH cells, no information is available on the effect of angiotensin II on NaCl reabso...