This special issue of ALTEX is publicising what the 3R Research Foundation has achieved in the past and what projects are currently underway. This special issue is intended to improve awareness of the projects funded by the Foundation and to provide a training tool. The first section includes updated descriptions of 20 projects from the past ten years. These projects, involving basic research, ...

Because of considerable interest from Congress, the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and the public about animal welfare and alternatives to animal testing, the National Library of Medicine (NLM) searches its online databases and prepares quarterly annotated bibliographies on alternative or in vitro methods for toxicity testing and biomedical research. The objective is to present current li...

Developmental neurotoxicity testing (DNT) is perceived by many stakeholders to be an area in critical need of alternatives to current animal testing protocols and guidelines. To address this need, the Johns Hopkins Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (CAAT), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and the National Toxicology Program are collaborating in a program called TestSmart DNT, t...

BACKGROUND Exposure to agents via inhalation is of great concerns both in workplace environment and in the daily contact with particles in the ambient air. Reliable human airway exposure systems will most likely replace animal experiment in future toxicity assessment studies of inhaled agents. METHODS In this study, we successfully established a combination of an exposure system (XposeALI) wi...