conclusions the application of 5-ht1a, 5-ht2, 5-ht3, 5-ht4, 5-ht6 and 5-ht7 receptor antagonists, applied at concentrations lower than 1.0 µm did not modify the efs-induced contraction and relaxation responses, whichsuggests the unlikely involvement of endogenous 5-ht in mediating responses to efs in the described test conditions. materials and methods segments taken from the rat duodenum, jeju...

Schizophrenia is a chronic psychotic disorder characterized by the presence of symptoms (hallucinations, delusions), negative (decreased expressiveness), and cognitive (lack executive function). The exact etiology schizophrenia unknown, although it thought to be linked increased dopaminergic activity in mesolimbic neuronal pathway decreased prefrontal cortical pathway. Treatment includes both p...

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a group of signaling molecules that belong to the TGF-? superfamily. Initially discovered for their ability induce bone formation, BMPs known play diverse and critical array biological roles. We here focus on recent evidence showing BMP4 is an important regulator white/beige adipogenic differentiation with consequences thermogenesis, energy homeostasis, de...

Naltrexone is a long acting opioid antagonist that is used in rehabilitation programmes to maintain heroin abstinence. It is a relatively new drug prescribed by specialists in substance misuse. Its actions and effects may not be familiar to many accident and emergency doctors or even to the people who take it. A case report is described where accidental ingestion of naltrexone results in a medi...

The effects and interaction between cAMP-analogue dibutyryl-cAMP and calmodulin antagonists were investigated on de novo synthesis and secretion of lipids in cultures of hepatoma McArdle-RH7777 cells and normal rat hepatocytes. Dibutyryl cAMP caused a significant decrease in the secretion of de novo synthesized triacyl [3H] glycerol in both cultures of McArdle cells and rat hepatocytes. The ...

the effects of cholecystokinin (cck) receptor antagonists on hypothermia induced by cocaine or morphine have been studied in mice. in the present work, subcutaneous (sc) injection of cocaine (50-150 mg/kg) or morphine (125-500 mg/kg) induced hypothermia in mice. administration of ccka receptor antagonist mk-329 (0.5-1.5 mg/kg), cckb receptor antagonist l-365, 260 (0.5-1.5 mgl kg) and cck recept...

background: metabolic syndrome (mets) is a complex clustering cardiovascular risk factors such as abdominal obesity, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia. it has been a growing health problem in iranian adults in recent decade. the objective of this article was to review the prevalence of mets and the corresponding risk factors among iranian adults.methods: we conducted a systematic review t...

Administration of apomorphine and amphetamine induces climbing behavior in mice due to stimulation of brain dopamine receptors. In the present study, the effects of adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists on amphetamine-induced climbing have been investigated. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of different doses of amphetamine (2,4 and 8 mglkg) induced climbing in mice (p<O.OOO 1). The u2- ad...

1 Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil 2 Department of Behavioral Neurosciences, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil 3 INCT Translational Medicine, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brazil Abstract Ob...