A simple graph G = (V (G), E(G)) admits an H-covering, if every edge in E(G) belongs to at least one subgraph of G isomorphic to a given graph H. An (a, d)-H-antimagic total labeling of G admitting an H-covering is a bijective function ξ : V (G) ∪ E(G) → {1, 2, . . . , |V (G)| + |E(G)|} such that for all subgraphs H ′ isomorphic to H, the H-weights w(H ′) = ∑

For a graph G = (V, E), a bijection f from V(G) ∪ E(G) → {1, 2, . . . , |V(G)| + |E(G)|} is called (a, d)-edge-antimagic total ((a, d)EAT) labeling of G if the edge-weights w(xy) = f(x) + f(y) + f(xy), xy ∈ E(G), form an arithmetic progression starting from a and having a common difference d, where a > 0 and d ≥ 0 are two fixed integers. An (a, d)-EAT labeling is called super (a, d)-EAT labelin...

Abstract Nowadays, cryptosystems can be applied in several areas life. One of them is transaction data. In data, a very strong cryptosystem needed so that the data safe. Cryptosystems are better with keystream. this case, we use rainbow antimagic as key to improve robustness keystream by using affine cipher. The algorithm uses edge weights vertex labeling graphs for encryption and decryption. p...

An edge labeling of a graph G=(V,E) using every label from the set {1,2,⋯,|E(G)|} exactly once is local antimagic if vertex-weights are distinct for pair neighboring vertices, where vertex-weight sum labels all edges incident with that vertex. Any induces proper vertex coloring G color its vertex-weight. This naturally leads to concept chromatic number. The number defined be minimum colors take...

Let G(V,E) be a graph and λ be a bijection from the set V ∪E to the set of the first |V |+ |E| natural numbers. The weight of a vertex is the sum of its label and the labels of all adjacent edges. We say λ is a vertex magic total (VMT) labeling of G if the weight of each vertex is constant. We say λ is an (s, d) -vertex antimagic total (VAT) labeling if the vertex weights form an arithmetic pro...