To relate stability of malaria transmission to biologic characteristics of vector mosquitoes throughout the world, we derived an index representing the contribution of regionally dominant vector mosquitoes to the force of transmission. This construct incorporated published estimates describing the proportion of blood meals taken from human hosts, daily survival of the vector, and duration of th...

Hypoestoxide (HE) is a diterpene isolated from Hypoestes rosea (Acanthaceae), a plant indigenous to Nigeria. Previous studies demonstrated that HE exhibited potent anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities in well established animal models but weak in vitro activities in both the anti-inflammation and anti-cancer in vitro screening systems. We now report a similar observation in the in vitro...

Enantiodiscrimination and enantioseparation are two highly important processes in chemistry, often performed by using NMR spectroscopy and chromatography. For a better understanding of the mechanistic details, the same system should be studied by both methods. In addition, isotropic and anisotropic NMR parameters should be obtained, the latter using alignment media so that residual dipolar coup...

The antimalarial effect of the ethanolic stem bark extract of Ficus platyphylla Del was evaluated against Plasmodium berghei infection in mice. Nontreated, experimental control mice died of fulminant parasitemia from day 7 to 9 post-infection but mice treated with the extract at 300 mg/kg showed markedly reduced parasitaemia bouts of 43.50% and a mean survival time of 28 days postinfection. The...

Plasmodium species are the infectious agents that responsible for malaria, a disease claims lives of approximately 400,000 people annually. The fact drug resistance against malaria is on rise suggests new antimalarial compounds need to be discovered. It well known medicinal plants present best opportunity identification novel antimalaria chemicals. Both Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) and Pep...

Malaria dapat menyebabkan disfungsi multi organ yang dikaitkan oleh respon inflamasi dipicu salah satunya produksi mediator dikeluarkan dari eritrosit terinfeksi lisis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian sebelumnya resveratrol memiliki aktivitas farmakologi seperti imunomodulator, kardioprotektif, antiinflamasi, antioksidan, dan antimalaria. Tujuan ini mengevaluasi pengaruh terhadap mencit malaria Pl...

anti malaria agents including chloroquine and hydroxichloroquine are commonly used for rheumatic diseases e.g. systemic erythematous lupus or rheumatoid arthritis. one of the most important systemic side effects of these agents is ocular side effects (chloroquine toxicity retinopathy). regarding to importance of early detection of this toxicity, the patients who take these drugs should be evalu...