BACKGROUND We evaluated the effectiveness of targeted antimicrobial prophylaxis in transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy (TRUSP). METHODS A prospective, non-randomized cohort study was conducted. Rectal swab cultures plated on non-selective blood agar and on selective MacConkey agar supplemented with ciprofloxacin identified ciprofloxacin-susceptible and -resistant gram-negative bacte...

BACKGROUND Fluoroquinolone prophylaxis during neutropenia in patients with cancer has been associated with decreased incidence of gram-negative bacteremia. Bacterial antimicrobial resistance is likely to cause a progressive lack of efficacy of fluoroquinolones, but no convincing evidence from clinicoepidemiologic observations has proved this hypothesis. METHODS This prospective observational ...

BACKGROUND Although febrile urinary tract infections are very common in young children, the need for antimicrobial prophylaxis and evaluation following a first event is controversial. OBJECTIVES To assess the approach of leading pediatric specialists throughout israel to antimicrobial prophylaxis. METHODS A questionnaire regarding the approach to antibiotic prophylaxis and diagnostic evalua...

Purpose: To assess the appropriateness and compliance of antibiotic prophylaxis practices in cardiac surgery in a tertiary hospital in United Arab Emirates (UAE) using three international guidelines. Methods: A retrospective study was performed by reviewing patients’ files admitted for cardiac surgery between January 2008 and February 2010. The study evaluated the adherence of health care profe...

STUDY DESIGN Prospective study. PURPOSE To compare the efficacy of 24-hour and 72-hour antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing surgical site infections (SSIs). OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE Antimicrobial prophylaxis in surgical practice has become a universally accepted protocol for minimizing postoperative complications related to infections. Although prophylaxis is an accepted practice, a debate ex...

Aim: This review aims to describe the appropriateness of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis during last decade.
 Methodology: The included a searching web science for articles focused on “the prophylaxis”. process was conducted 29 Nov 2020 and original so were excluded.
 Results: 57 articles; 38 published after 2015 rest before 2015. Most that in showed high rate inappropriate duratio...

BACKGROUND Antibiotic prophylaxis is commonly used in head and neck surgery. Prophylactic use of antibiotics in clean surgical cases is not clearly indicated, but evidence exists for use in cases of clean-contaminated surgery, such as major head and neck oncologic procedures. Despite evidence specifically outlining the indications for antibiotic prophylaxis, there continues to be widespread var...

Although it is well-established that children undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplants and treatment for leukemia should be offered prophylaxis against Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, the risk for children with solid malignancies is less certain. This guideline has been developed with the aim of standardizing practice and optimizing the benefit versus risk of prophylactic medication in thi...

Among 5,043 invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) isolates identified through South African national surveillance from 2003 to 2007, we estimated the effect of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) prophylaxis on antimicrobial resistance. Patients on TMP-SMX prophylaxis were more likely to have a pneumococcal isolate nonsusceptible to TMP-SMX, penicillin, and rifampin. TMP-SMX nonsusceptibility...