Berg et al. (Clin Genet 1986;30:515-520) have reported that an Xba I DNA polymorphic site in exon 26 of the apolipoprotein (apo) B gene is associated both with the Ag(x/y) immunochemical polymorphism and with elevated serum lipoprotein levels. Ma et al. (Arteriosclerosis 1987;7:301-305) have reported that the same Xba I polymorphism is associated with a different immunochemical polymorphism, Ag...

Altered plasma levels of lipids and lipoproteins, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes are major risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. To identify genes that affect these traits and disorders, we looked for association between markers in candidate genes (apolipoprotein AII (apo AII), apolipoprotein AI-CIII-AIV gene cluster (apo AI-CIII-AIV), apolipoprotein E (apo E), cholester...

BACKGROUND/AIM Alzheimer disease (AD) is triggered by interactions of multiple genetic and environmental factors. The APOE gene E4 allele is the best-known risk factor for AD, yet it represents a small ratio of genetic factors. According to genome-wide association studies, the BIN1 gene is the second important risk factor for AD, following the APOE gene. We aimed to identify a novel biomarker i...

The hypothesis that apolipoprotein E (apo E)-isoform-related differences in plasma and LDL cholesterol concentrations are due to differential responses to dietary lipids was explored in 110 North Karelian subjects who had previously participated in dietary intervention studies. This was accomplished by collecting fresh blood samples for apo E phenotyping and by re-analysis of the original plasm...

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is the most common genetic disorder leading to premature atherosclerosis. Typically, it is due to mutations in the LDL receptor gene resulting in elevated total and LDL cholesterol levels. The type of the LDL receptor gene mutations may affect the severity of hypercholesterolemia and consequently the incidence of coronary atherosclerosis. Furthermore, high-den...

BACKGROUND The Apo-1/Fas (CD95) molecule is an apoptosis-signaling cell surface receptor belonging to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family. Both Fas and Fas ligand (FasL) are expressed in activated mature T cells, and prolonged cell activation induces susceptibility to Fas-mediated apoptosis. The Apo-1/Fas gene is located in a chromosomal region that shows linkage in multiple scleros...

The three common isoforms of human apolipoprotein E (apo E) differ at positions 112 and 158 and are named E3, E4, and E2 according to phenotyping by isoelectric focusing (IEF). The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method allows the detection of common and several rare allelic apo E variants not detected by IEF. We propose a genotyping procedure for apo E that characterizes a given allele on the ...

This review examines the association between the apolipoprotein (apo) var epsilon gene polymorphism (or its protein product (apo E)), metabolic regulation of cholesterol, and cardiovascular disease. The apo var epsilon gene is located at chromosome 19q13.2. Among the variants of this gene, alleles (*) epsilon2, (*) epsilon3, and (*) epsilon4 constitute the common polymorphism found in most popu...