G cell–derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), a distant relative of transforming growth factor(TGF), was purified as a factor that promotes the survival and differentiation of embryonic mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons (Lin et al., 1993). A closely related protein, neurturin, was purified as a factor that promotes the survival of sympathetic neurons (Kotzbauer et al., 1996). Subsequently, two ad...

Neublastin (BG00010) is a first-in-class, glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor shown in preclinical studies and an early clinical trial to have potential for the treatment of neuropathic pain. SPRINT was a phase 2, multicenter, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study to evaluate efficacy/safety of 5 neublastin doses (50, 150, 400, 800, and 1200 μg/kg) administered as an intravenous injection...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Itch is one of the major symptoms in dermatology clinics, and severely impairs the quality of life. Itch is frequently produced by environmental stimuli, especially heat or warmth. Changes of temperature on the skin surface and noxious heat stimuli augment and develop itch, respectively. Thermally provoked itch is sometimes intractable with existing treatments. DATA ...

Evidence from observational studies suggests that there is an association among depression and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and folate; however, this association has yet to be examined in childhood and adolescent depression. The objective was to determine whether the BDNF, PUFAs, and folate in serum differ between first-episode childhood and ado...

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a transcription factor that plays crucial role in skin homeostasis, regeneration and barrier. Tapinarof, an agonist of AhR, was reported to improve pruritus patients with atopic dermatitis; however, the AhR regulating itch remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed investigate regulation. Pruritogens, including histamine, chloroquine, trypsin serotonin were intrader...