This paper studies a small neural network with three neurons. First, the activation function takes the sign function. Although the network is a simple hybrid systemwith all subsystems being exponentially stable, we find that it can exhibit very complex dynamics such as limit cycles and chaos. Since the sign function is a limit case of sigmoidal functions, we find that chaos robustly exists with...

phenolic compounds, especially those of plant origin, constitute an essential part of the human diet, and are of considerable interest due to their antioxidant properties. in this study, ultrasound-assisted extraction (uae), microwave-assisted extraction (mae), as well as maceration extraction (me) methods were applied for phenolic compounds’ extraction from pistachio green hull. response surfa...

Physicians predominantly rely upon quantification of serum-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) and/or skin test to confirm clinically suspected IgE-mediated allergy. However, for various reasons, identification of the offending allergen(s) and potentially cross-reactive structures is not always straightforward. Flow-assisted allergy diagnosis relies upon quantification of alterations in the express...

We describe the first electrochemical activation of D–A cyclopropanes and cyclobutanes leading after C(sp3)?C(sp3) cleavage to formation highly reactive radical cations. This concept is utilized formally insert molecular oxygen direct or DDQ-assisted anodic oxidation strained carbocycles, delivering ?- ?-hydroxy ketones 1,2-dioxanes electrocatalytically. Furthermore, insights into mechanism oxi...

Microwave-assisted depolymerization of black-liquor lignin in formic acid was studied, concentrating on the yield of liquid fractions as bio-oil 1 (mainly aromatic monomers) and bio-oil 2 (mainly aromatic oligomers) and the distribution of the specific compositions. Bio-oil 1 (9.69%) and bio-oil 2 (54.39%) achieved their maximum yields under 160 °C with the reaction time of 30 min. The chemical...

Abstract Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is characterized by symptoms caused dysfunction in patients aged <40 years. It associated with a shortened reproductive lifespan. The only effective treatment for who are eager to become pregnant IVF/Embryo Transfer (ET) using oocytes donated young women. However, the use of technique constrained limited supply and ethical issues. Some POI s...

Embryo cryopreservation has become a standard procedure in the practice of assisted reproduction. While routinely performed in IVF labs, the effects of embryo vitrification on the molecular mechanisms governing preimplantation development remain largely unknown. The endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) response is an evolutionary conserved mechanism that cells employ to manage ER stress. ER...

introduction: photon attenuation in tissues is the primary physical degrading factor limiting both visual qualitative interpretation and quantitative analysis capabilities of reconstructed single photon emission computed tomography (spect) images. the aim of present study was to investigate the effect of attenuation correction on the detection of activation foci following statistical analysis w...

cellulose wastes of a wood and paper factory were used to produce activated carbon. several chemical agents under various conditions were used for production of activated carbon and hence their adsorption properties have been evaluated. in addition the effect of process parameters such as raw material, chemical agent concentration, impregnation ratio, carbonization temperature, carbonization ti...

since solid-phase and liquid-phase microextraction (spme and lpme) were introduced, as effective solvent-free methods, many efforts have been made to improve their modes and applications. however, due to limitations with sensitivity and efficiency, researchers have focused on improving the performance of their basic primary modes. in this way, in recent years, different methods such as ultrason...