BACKGROUND Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare, aggressive malignancy with a median survival of five months. Multimodality treatment is associated with some improvement in survival, but patients are only infrequently curable. Although β-hCG secretion has been reported in many neoplasms, it has never been described in ATC. The objectives of this study were to report a case of β-hCG-secr...

Even though management of thyroid cancer is generally standardized and has an overall excellent long-term outcome, anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) continues to be a major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. ATC is an uncommon thyroid malignancy with a poor prognosis. American Thyroid Association guidelines acknowledge the complexity of airway management in these patients. We studied the liter...

The analytical target cascading (ATC) methodology for optimizing hierarchical systems has demonstrated convergence properties for continuous, convex formulations. However, many practical problems involve both continuous and discrete design variables, resulting in mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) formulations. While current ATC methods have been used to solve such MINLP formulations i...

Under new de-regulated environment an open access to transmission system seems to be desired. Determination and enhancement of available transfer capability (ATC) are important issues in deregulated operation of power systems. This paper focuses on the best location and optimal allocation of FACTS devices to improve maximum available transfer capacity (ATC). ATC is computed using repeated power...

Scott G. Spernoga, MS, ATC, contributed to conception and design; acquisition and analysis and interpretation of the data; and drafting and final approval of the article. Timothy L. Uhl, PhD, ATC, PT, Brent L. Arnold, PhD, ATC, and Bruce M. Gansneder, PhD, contributed to conception and design; analysis and interpretation of the data; and drafting, critical revision, and final approval of the ar...

The available transfer capability (ATC) is an important index indicating the remaining transfer capability in the physical transmission network for further commercial activity above existing commitments, In this paper, ATC mathematical model considering post-contingency generation rescheduling and load curtailment is first formulated. Benders decomposition method is then used to partition the A...

The optimal power flow based on available transfer capability proposed for contingent power systems. Generally, in power systems cost is the main objective. But in some areas cost is less importance such as under an emergency state of partial blackout. At that time transmission security is main objective. So, for transmission security, ATC is very useful. Maximizing ATC implies to reduce the pr...

The phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K) pathway is frequently activated in thyroid carcinomas through the constitutive activation of stimulatory molecules (e.g., Ras) and/or the loss of expression and/or function of the inhibitory PTEN protein that results in Akt activation. Recently, it has been reported that somatic mutations within the PI3K catalytic subunit, PIK3CA, are common (25-40%) am...

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is an extremely aggressive malignancy with undifferentiated features, for which conventional treatments, including radioactive iodine ablation, are usually not effective. Recent evidence suggests that the Notch1 pathway is important in the regulation of thyroid cancer cell growth and expression of thyrocyte differentiation markers. However, drug development ta...

Here, we show that the anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) features the up-regulation of a set of genes involved in the control of cell cycle progression and chromosome segregation. This phenotype differentiates ATC from normal tissue and from well-differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma. Transcriptional promoters of the ATC up-regulated genes are characterized by a modular organization featu...