A novel intravenous liposomal formulation of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) was evaluated in 69 patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL): 32 new diagnoses, 35 relapses, and 2 oral ATRA failures. Liposomal ATRA (90 mg/m(2)) was administered every other day until complete remission (CR) or a maximum of 56 days. Treatment following CR was liposomal ATRA with or without chemotherapy. In an ...

Despite the well-established role of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) in congenital clubfoot (CCF)-like deformities in in vivo models, the essential cellular and molecular targets and the signaling mechanisms for ATRA-induced CCF-like deformities remain to be elucidated. Recent studies have demonstrated that p53 and p21, expressed in the hindlimb bud mesenchyme, regulate cellular proliferation an...

A novel intravenous liposomal formulation of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) was evaluated in 69 patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL): 32 new diagnoses, 35 relapses, and 2 oral ATRA failures. Liposomal ATRA (90 mg/m2) was administered every other day until complete remission (CR) or a maximum of 56 days. Treatment following CR was liposomal ATRA with or without chemotherapy. In an in...

Caveolin-1 is a scaffold protein of caveolae in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract and acts as a tumor modulator by interacting with cell adhesion molecules and signaling receptors. Caveolin-1 stabilizes cell-cell and cell-matrix contacts and is a hallmark of a number of different types of human cancer, including gastric cancer. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), a derivative of vitamin A, h...

Differentiation and patterning in the developing nervous system require the vitamin A metabolite all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA). Recent data suggest that higher cognitive functions, such as creation of hippocampal memory, also require atRA and its receptors, RAR, through affecting synaptic plasticity. Here we show that within 30 min atRA increased dendritic growth approximately 2-fold, and PSD-...

We reported previously that treatment of human myeloblastic leukemia ML-1 cells with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in combination with GM-CSF enhances the granulocytic differentiation, which is induced only slightly by ATRA alone. To investigate the mechanism underlying this differentiation and the synergistic effect of ATRA and GM-CSF, we used cDNA microarray to examine gene expression profil...

Forty-two cell lines recapitulating mammary carcinoma heterogeneity were profiled for all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) sensitivity. Luminal and ER(+) (estrogen-receptor-positive) cell lines are generally sensitive to ATRA, while refractoriness/low sensitivity is associated with a Basal phenotype and HER2 positivity. Indeed, only 2 Basal cell lines (MDA-MB157 and HCC-1599) are highly sensitive to ...

High oral doses of atrazine (ATRA) disrupt normal neuroendocrine function, resulting in suppression of the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge in adult, ovariectomized (OVX) estrogen-primed female rats. While the mechanism by which ATRA inhibits LH secretion is not known, current data indicate that ATRA does have anti-estrogenic properties in vitro and in vivo. In the body, ATRA is rapidly converted...

A defining feature of the brain is ability its synaptic contacts to adapt structurally and functionally in an experience-dependent manner. In human cortex, however, direct experimental evidence for coordinated structural functional adaptation currently lacking. Here, we probed plasticity cortical slices using vitamin derivative all-trans retinoic acid (atRA), a putative treatment neuropsychiatr...

All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is currently recommended as standard treatment for acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL). However, there has been increasing concern that ATRA is associated with unusual sites of relapse. We present three cases of APL previously treated with ATRA who ultimately relapsed within the central nervous system (CNS) and hypothesize that, by up-regulating intercellular adhe...