In order to correlate the electrical and mechanical events occurring in atrial flutter, three patients have been studied using the standard electrocardiogram, a computerprocessed vectorcardiogram, and reflected ultrasound recordings of valvular motion. Anterior motion of the mitral valve leaflet occurs in the region of the nadir of the atrial flutter wave in lead II of the electrocardiogram. In...

Etiology and pathomechanisms of atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter are complicated and the knowledge about them still remains incomplete. This may be the reason why currently applied methods of prevention as well as treatment remain unsatisfied. A number of clinical situations were identified that may conduce to occurrence of atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter and also lead to chronic f...

To investigate the mechanism of atrial flutter (AF) in humans, we studied 13 patients during episodes of spontaneous common AF, with simultaneous multiple atrial endocavitary recordings and atrial programmed stimulation. In all patients, low paraseptal atrial activation preceded high right atrial activation, and the latter preceded mid- or low lateral right atrial activation (recorded in five p...

OBJECTIVES Our purpose was to assess the risk factors for late mortality, loss of sinus rhythm and atrial flutter after the Mustard operation. BACKGROUND The Mustard operation provides correction of cyanosis with low surgical risk in transposition of the great vessels. However, right ventricular failure, loss of sinus rhythm, atrial flutter and death are frequent long-term complications. ME...

OBJECTIVES This study was designed to elucidate the location and mechanism of typical atrial flutter in the transplanted heart. BACKGROUND Although the F wave morphology in atrial flutter is similar in nontransplanted and transplanted hearts, the surgical incision needed for the atrial anastomosis may create a distinct electrophysiologic substrate of atrial flutter. METHODS Entrainment from...

BACKGROUND Recent studies of human type 1 atrial flutter demonstrated reentry in the right atrium and an area of slow conduction in the low posteroseptal right atrium. Direct-current catheter ablation of this area has been only moderately successful in preventing recurrence. Therefore, we performed endocardial activation mapping and entrainment pace mapping during atrial flutter to determine th...

In order to correlate the electrical and mechanical events occurring in atrial flutter, three patients have been studied using the standard electrocardiogram, a computerprocessed vectorcardiogram, and reflected ultrasound recordings of valvular motion. Anterior motion of the mitral valve leaflet occurs in the region of the nadir of the atrial flutter wave in lead II of the electrocardiogram. In...

Ablation of cavotricuspid ishtmus flutter and atrial tachycardia in a complex substrate has never been reported using remote navigation via superior approach. Venous access was obtained via right internal jugular for ablation and left subclavian for duodecapolar catheter placement into the coronary sinus. In a posttransplant patient presenting with both regular and irregular tachycardia, both c...

In I2 patients right atrial monophasic action potential recordings were obtained during atrial flutter and after conversion to sinus rhythm. Monophasic action potential duration is a valuable index of refractoriness of the atrial muscle; it ranges from 136 to 155 msec for the flutter waves and from 290 to 390 msec for the regular sinus complexes. If the duration of the monophasic action potenti...

Supraventricular arrhythmias are relatively common, often persistent, and rarely life-threatening cardiac rhythm disturbances that arise from the sinus node, atrial tissue, or junctional sites between the atria and ventricles. The term "supraventricular arrhythmia" most often is used to refer to supraventricular tachycardias and atrial flutter. The term "supraventricular tachycardia" commonly r...